I-laser weldingingafinyelelwa ngokusebenzisa imishayo ye-laser eqhubekayo noma eshaywayo. Izimiso zelaser weldingingahlukaniswa ibe ukushisa conduction Welding kanye laser deep Ukungena Welding. Uma ukuminyana kwamandla kungaphansi kuka-104~105 W/cm2, kuwukushisela ukushisa. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukujula kokungena akujulile futhi ijubane lokushisela lihamba kancane; lapho ukuminyana kwamandla kungaphezu kuka-105 ~ 107 W/cm2, indawo yensimbi igoqeka ibe “izimbobo” ngenxa yokushisa, yakha i-welding yokungena ejulile, enezici zokusheshisa ukushisela okusheshayo kanye ne-aspect ratio enkulu. Umgomo we-thermal conductionlaser weldingyilokhu: imisebe ye-laser ishisa ingaphezulu ukuze icutshungulwe, futhi ukushisa okungaphezulu kusakazekela ngaphakathi ngokuqhutshwa kwe-thermal. Ngokulawula amapharamitha we-laser afana nobubanzi be-laser pulse, amandla, amandla aphezulu, kanye nemvamisa yokuphindaphinda, ucezu lokusebenza luyancibilika ukwenza ichibi elithile elincibilikisiwe.
I-laser deep penetration welding ngokuvamile isebenzisa i-laser beam eqhubekayo ukuqedela ukuxhuma kwezinto. Inqubo yayo yomzimba ye-metallurgical ifana kakhulu neye-electron beam welding, okungukuthi, indlela yokuguqula amandla iqedwa ngesakhiwo "somgodi wokhiye".
Ngaphansi kwe-laser irradiation enamandla amakhulu ngokwanele amandla, izinto ezibonakalayo ziyahwamuka bese kwakheka izimbobo ezincane. Lo mgodi omncane ogcwele umhwamuko ufana nomzimba omnyama, omunca cishe wonke amandla ohlaka lwesigameko. Izinga lokushisa elilinganayo emgodini lifinyelela cishe ku-2500°C. Ukushisa kudluliselwa odongeni olungaphandle lwembobo enezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, okubangela ukuba insimbi ezungeze imbobo incibilike. Imbobo encane igcwele umusi ophezulu wokushisa owenziwe ukuhwamuka okuqhubekayo kwezinto zodonga ngaphansi kwe-irradiation ye-beam. Izindonga zembobo encane zizungezwe insimbi encibilikisiwe, futhi insimbi ewuketshezi izungezwe izinto eziqinile (ezinqubweni eziningi ezijwayelekile zokushisela kanye ne-laser conduction welding, amandla kuqala Afakwe phezu kwendawo yokusebenza bese athuthelwa ngaphakathi ngokudluliswa. ). Ukugeleza koketshezi ngaphandle kodonga lwembobo kanye nokungezwani okungaphezulu kwesendlalelo sodonga kusesigabeni sokucindezela kwesitimu esiqhubekayo emgodini wembobo futhi kulondoloze ibhalansi eguqukayo. I-beam yokukhanya ingena ngokuqhubekayo emgodini omncane, futhi izinto ezingaphandle kwembobo encane zigeleza ngokuqhubekayo. Njengoba i-beam yokukhanya ihamba, imbobo encane ihlala isesimweni esizinzile sokugeleza.
Okusho ukuthi, imbobo encane nensimbi encibilikisiwe ezungeze udonga lwembobo kuya phambili ngejubane eliya phambili lenduku yomshayeli. Insimbi encibilikisiwe igcwalisa igebe elisele ngemva kokukhishwa kwembobo encane futhi ihlanganiswe ngokufanele, futhi i-weld yakheka. Konke lokhu kwenzeka ngokushesha kangangokuthi isivinini sokushisela singafinyelela kalula amamitha amaningana ngomzuzu.
Ngemva kokuqonda imiqondo eyisisekelo yokuminyana kwamandla, ukushiselwa kwe-thermal conductivity, kanye nokushisela ukungena okujulile, ngokulandelayo sizokwenza ukuhlaziya okuqhathanisayo kokuminyana kwamandla kanye nezigaba ze-metallographic zamadayimitha ayisisekelo ahlukene.
Ukuqhathaniswa kokuhlolwa kokushisela okusekelwe kumadayimitha avamile we-laser emakethe:
Ukuminyana kwamandla kokuma kwendawo okugxilwe kuyo ama-lasers anamadayamitha amaphakathi ahlukene
Ngokombono wokuminyana kwamandla, ngaphansi kwamandla afanayo, i-diameter eyinhloko encane, ukukhanya okuphezulu kwe-laser kanye namandla agxile kakhulu. Uma i-laser iqhathaniswa nommese obukhali, i-diameter eyinhloko encane, i-laser ibukhali kakhulu. Ukuminyana kwamandla we-laser core diameter engu-14um kuphindwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-50 kwelaser engu-100um core diameter, futhi amandla okucubungula anamandla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuminyana kwamandla okubalwe lapha kuwukuminyana okulula okumaphakathi. Ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla kwangempela kuwukusabalalisa okulinganiselwe kwe-Gaussian, futhi amandla amaphakathi azoba izikhathi ezimbalwa kunomthamo wamandla ojwayelekile.
Umdwebo wohlelo lokusatshalaliswa kwamandla e-laser onobubanzi obuyingqikithi obuhlukene
Umbala womdwebo wokusabalalisa amandla ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla. Lapho umbala ubomvu, amandla aphezulu. Amandla abomvu yindawo lapho amandla agxila khona. Ngokusatshalaliswa kwamandla we-laser wemishayo ye-laser enobubanzi obuhlukene bomgogodla, kungabonakala ukuthi i-laser beam front ayibukhali futhi i-laser beam ibukhali. Uma emancane, amandla agxile kakhulu ephuzwini elilodwa, abukhali futhi aqina namandla awo okungena.
Ukuqhathaniswa kwemiphumela yokushisela yama-lasers anamadayamitha ayisisekelo ahlukene
Ukuqhathaniswa kwama-lasers anamadayamitha ayisisekelo ahlukene:
(1) Ukuhlolwa kusebenzisa isivinini esingu-150mm/s, i-focus position welding, futhi impahla iwuchungechunge olu-1 lwe-aluminium, ugqinsi luka-2mm;
(2) Uma umkhulu ububanzi obuwumgogodla, ububanzi obuncibilikayo buba bukhulu, indawo ethinteke ukushisa iba nkulu, futhi iba ncane ukuminyana kwamandla eyunithi. Uma ububanzi bomgogodla budlula i-200um, akulula ukufeza ukujula kokungena kuma-alloys asabela kakhulu njenge-aluminium nethusi, futhi i-Deep penetration welding ephakeme ingafinyelelwa kuphela ngamandla aphezulu;
(3) Ama-laser amancanyana anamandla amakhulu futhi angabhoboza izimbobo zokhiye ngokushesha endaweni yezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezinamandla amakhulu kanye nezindawo ezincane ezithinteke ekushiseni. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubuso be-weld bunzima, futhi amathuba okuwa kwe-keyhole aphezulu ngesikhathi sokushisa okuphansi, futhi i-keyhole ivaliwe phakathi nomjikelezo we-welding. Umjikelezo mude, futhi amaphutha anjengokukhubazeka nama-pores avame ukwenzeka. Ifanele ukucutshungulwa kwejubane eliphezulu noma ukucutshungulwa nge-swing trajectory;
(4) Amalaser amakhulu obubanzi obuyingqikithi anamachashazi amakhudlwana okukhanya namandla ahlakazekile kakhudlwana, okuwenza afaneleke kakhudlwana ukuncibilika kabusha kwendawo ye-laser, ukuvala, ukuhlanganisa nezinye izinqubo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-06-2023
