Ubuchwepheshe Obuhlanu Obuyinhloko Bokushisela Nge-Laser Ekukhiqizweni Kwezimoto
Ubuchwepheshe bokushisela nge-laser bunenqubo esebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nokuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu. Enqubweni yokukhiqiza izimoto, busebenza ekushiseleni imizimba yezimoto kanye nezingxenye ezahlukene zezimoto. Bunciphisa isisindo sonke semizimba yezimoto, buthuthukisa ukunemba kokuhlanganiswa komzimba, futhi buhlangabezana nezidingo zemboni yezimoto zomklamo olula kanye nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kokuphepha. Okwamanje, bunciphisa izindleko zokuhlanganisa nokuqeda ekukhiqizweni kwezimoto futhi bukhulisa izinga lokuhlanganiswa kwemizimba yezimoto.
1. Ukushisela kwe-Laser Autogenous
Kubuchwepheshe bokushisela nge-laser, ukushisela nge-laser autogenous kubhekisela enkambisweni lapho izingxenye ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zomsebenzi zihlanganiswa zibe yingcezu eyodwa eqinile ngokuncibilika nokuqina okulandelayo, kufezwe ukushisela okusebenzayo. Le ndlela yokushisela ayidingi ukushisela okuguqukayo, ngaleyo ndlela konga izindleko zokushisela. Ekusebenzeni kwangempela, umsebe we-laser uphakamisa ngokushesha izinga lokushisa lobuso bendawo yokushisela kuze kube yilapho libila; ukuhwamuka kwensimbi bese kwakha imbobo yokhiye. Imbobo yokhiye iyayeka ukujula lapho ingcindezi yokubuyela emuva komhwamuko wensimbi ilinganisela ukucindezelwa kobuso kanye namandla adonsela phansi ensimbi encibilikisiwe. Ukushisela ngokujulile kwe-laser kuyaqedwa njengoba imbobo yokhiye ejulile iqina futhi ivala. Njengamanje, ukushisela nge-laser autogenous kusetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizweni kwezimoto, ngokuvamile ekushiseni okuthungiwe, ekushiseni kwe-assembling yemizimba yezimoto kanye nokushisela izingxenye ezahlukahlukene.
2. Ukushisela Okugcwele Intambo Yelaser
Umgomo wokushisela okugcwele intambo ye-laser kubuchwepheshe bokushisela i-laser ukufaka insimbi ethile yokugcwalisa ukushisela endaweni yokushisela, encibilikiswa yi-laser beam ukuze kwakheke i-weld joint. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokushisela zendabuko ezingagcwalisiwe ngentambo, ukushisela okugcwele intambo ye-laser kunezinzuzo ezihlukile: kwandisa ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kokushisela nge-laser, kwenza kube lula ukushisela amapuleti amakhulu ngamandla aphansi, futhi kunikeza imiphumela emihle yokushisela. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ekusetshenzisweni kokushisela okugcwele intambo ye-laser, kokubili intambo yokugcwalisa kanye nensimbi eyisisekelo kumele kuncibilikiswe. Lokhu kudala imbobo ensimbini eyisisekelo, okuvumela intambo yokugcwalisa kanye nensimbi eyisisekelo ukuthi ixubane ngokugcwele futhi yakhe ichibi elisha elihlanganisiwe elincibilikisiwe. Ichibi elihlanganisiwe elincibilikisiwe lihluke kakhulu kuntambo yokugcwalisa yokuqala kanye nensimbi eyisisekelo, engalungisa amaphutha athile okusebenza kwensimbi eyisisekelo ngokwayo. Ukusebenzisa intambo yokugcwalisa enokwakheka okunengqondo kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-weld joint inokumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu nokugqwala.
3. Ukushisela Okuhlanganisiwe Kwe-Laser-Arc
Ukushisela kwe-laser-arc hybrid kubuchwepheshe bokushisela kwe-laser kuhlanganisa umthombo wokushisa we-laser ne-arc kagesi, esebenza ndawonye echibini elilodwa elincibilikisiwe ukuze kufezwe ukushisela. Ekukhiqizweni kochungechunge lwezimoto ze-Audi eJalimane, inqubo yokushisela ye-laser-arc hybrid isetshenziswa ekushiseleni komzimba we-all-aluminium—esinye sezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu. Umzimba we-all-aluminium ungowochungechunge lwe-Audi A8 olusezingeni eliphezulu lwesizukulwane sesibili, olwenzelwe ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha komthelela kanye nokumelana nokuguquguquka kwe-torsional. Amajoyinti okushisela akhiwe yi-laser-arc hybrid welding ahlangabezana nazo zonke lezi zidingo zokuklama, abonisa ukuqina okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu kanye nokungena okujulile. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokulindelwe okuphezulu kwamakhasimende kulo modeli, yonke imininingwane yokukhiqiza iyalungiswa ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ephezulu yokwakha yemoto. Amajoyinti okushisela amancane okushisela kwe-laser hybrid welding afanelekela izinto zokusebenza ezinezidingo zobuhle eziqinile, okususa isidingo sokugcwalisa amajoyinti ekhoneni phezulu kohlaka lomzimba ngemichilo yepulasitiki. Ensimini yokukhiqiza izimoto ezilula, zonke izidingo ezishiwo ngenhla kanye nezimo ezikhethekile kumele zaneliswe, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwemizimba ye-all-aluminium kubeka amazinga aqinile nakakhulu kulezi zidingo.
4. Ukushisela Okukude Nge-Laser
Ngosizo lwekhanda le-galvanometer lokuskena elisheshayo, ukushisela okukude kwe-laser kubuchwepheshe bokushisela nge-laser kwenza kube lula ukucutshungulwa nokushisela izingxenye ezikude ngemisebe ye-laser enamandla ahlukahlukene. Ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo zobuchwepheshe ezihlukile, manje isetshenziswa kabanzi ekushiseleni ama-sunroof e-panoramic e-Mercedes-Benz kanye namaphaneli aseceleni e-Volkswagen ne-Audi. Ukusetshenziswa kokushisela okukude kwe-laser ekukhiqizweni kwezimoto okwamanje kunikeza izinzuzo ezilandelayo:
(1) Ukunemba okuphezulu kokubeka kanye nesivinini sokushisela esisheshayo, okuhlangabezana nezidingo zokukhiqiza zamabhizinisi ezimoto.
(2) Ukushisela okulungisekayo ngokwezidingo zamandla esakhiwo ezahlukene kanye nezimo zamalunga okushisela ezenziwe ngokwezifiso.
Nokho, ukushisela okukude kwe-laser kunezidingo eziphezulu zezinto zokwakha kanye nemishini. Akukwazi ukunciphisa ukungena kwe-weld lapho kushiselwa izingxenye ezijiyile, okuholela ekuqineni okuphansi kwe-shear endaweni yokushisela.
5. Ukushiswa nge-laser
Ubuchwepheshe bokushisela nge-laser kubuchwepheshe bokushisela nge-laser buzigqaja ngezinzuzo zokuqeda ubuhle, ukushisela okuhle kakhulu kanye namandla aphezulu okuhlangana. Imishini yokushisela nge-laser ivame ukuhlanganisa ikhanda lokucubungula i-brazing engalweni yerobhothi. Ugongolo lwe-laser lugxile ekuhlanganeni kwensimbi yeshidi, luncibilikisa intambo yokushisela (isb., intambo yokushisela nge-copper-silicon) ukuze kuhlanganiswe izingxenye ndawonye. Impumelelo yale ndlela yokucubungula isemandleni ayo okuhlangana asondelene nalawo okuhlangana okushiselwe, kanye nokubukeka kobuhle bokushisela kwayo. Amalunga okushisela akhiwe yi-laser brazing aziwa ngokushisela kwawo okuphezulu kanye nokuqeda okubushelelezi nokuhlanzekile, okusho ukuthi imikhiqizo ye-brazing ayidingi ukulungiswa kabusha. Isibonelo, imizimba yezimoto ingapendwa ngqo ngemva kokuhlanza.
Embonini yokukhiqiza izimoto, ngayinye yaleziubuchwepheshe bokushisela nge-laserinenani layo eliyingqayizivele lokusebenza. Ukukhetha indlela efanele yokushisela izingxenye ezahlukene zemoto kusiza ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza iyonke, kuyilapho kuhlangatshezwana nezidingo zamabhizinisi ezimoto zezindleko zokushisela kanye nokusebenza kahle.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-26-2026
