Sekudlule iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60 kusukela “umsebe wokukhanya okuqondile” wokuqala wakhiqizwa elabhorethri yaseCalifornia ngo-1960. Njengoba umsunguli we-laser, u-TH Maiman, asho, “I-laser iyisisombululo esifuna inkinga.” I-laser, njengethuluzi, kancane kancane ingena emikhakheni eminingi efana nokucubungula kwezimboni, ukuxhumana kwe-optical, kanye nokubala idatha.
Izinkampani ze-laser zaseShayina, ezaziwa ngokuthi “amakhosi e-Involution”, zithembele “entengo-ngomthamo” ukuze zithathe isabelo semakethe, kodwa zikhokha intengo yokwehla kwenzuzo.
Imakethe yasekhaya iwele emncintiswaneni omkhulu, futhi izinkampani ze-laser ziye zaphuma zaqala ukufuna "izwekazi elisha" lama-laser aseShayina. Ngo-2023, i-China Laser yaqala ngokusemthethweni "unyaka wayo wokuqala wokuya phesheya kwezilwandle." E-Munich International Light Expo eJalimane ekupheleni kukaJuni kulo nyaka, izinkampani zaseShayina ezingaphezu kuka-220 zavela njengeqembu, okwenza kwaba yizwe elinenani elikhulu lababonisi ngaphandle kweJalimane eliphethe.
Ingabe isikebhe sesidlule izintaba eziyizinkulungwane eziyishumi? I-China Laser ingathembela kanjani “kumthamo” ukuze ime iqine, futhi yini okufanele ithembele kuyo ukuze iqhubekele phambili?
1. Kusukela “eshumini leminyaka legolide” kuya “emakethe yokuchitheka kwegazi”
Njengommeleli wobuchwepheshe obusha, ucwaningo lwemboni ye-laser yasekhaya luqale kungakephuzi, lwaqala cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo nolwamazwe ngamazwe. I-laser yokuqala emhlabeni yaphuma ngo-1960. Cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngo-Agasti 1961, i-laser yokuqala yaseShayina yazalwa eChangchun Institute of Optics and Mechanics ye-Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Ngemva kwalokho, izinkampani ezinkulu zemishini ye-laser emhlabeni zasungulwa ngokulandelana. Eshumini leminyaka lokuqala lomlando we-laser, kwazalwa i-Bystronic ne-Coherent. Ngawo-1970, i-II-VI ne-Prima zasungulwa ngokulandelana. I-TRUMPF, umholi wamathuluzi omshini, nayo yaqala ngo-1977. Ngemva kokubuyisa i-laser ye-CO₂ kusukela ekuvakasheni kwakhe e-United States ngo-2016, ibhizinisi le-laser le-TRUMPF laqala.
Endleleni yokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, izinkampani ze-laser zaseShayina zaqala sekwephuzile. I-Han's Laser yasungulwa ngo-1993, i-Huagong Technology yasungulwa ngo-1999, i-Chuangxin Laser yasungulwa ngo-2004, i-JPT yasungulwa ngo-2006, kanti i-Raycus Laser yasungulwa ngo-2007. Lezi zinkampani ze-laser ezisencane azinawo amathuba okuqala, kodwa zinamandla okuhlasela kamuva.
Eminyakeni eyi-10 edlule, ama-laser aseShayina abe "neshumi leminyaka legolide" futhi "ukushintshaniswa kwasekhaya" kuyaqhubeka ngokugcwele. Kusukela ngo-2012 kuya ku-2022, izinga lokukhula kwaminyaka yonke elihlanganisiwe embonini yemishini yokucubungula i-laser yezwe lami lizodlula u-10%, kanti inani lokukhipha lizofinyelela ku-86.2 billion yuan ngo-2022.
Eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, imakethe ye-fiber laser ikhuthaze ngokushesha ukushintshwa kwekhaya ngesivinini esibonakala ngamehlo enyama. Isabelo semakethe sama-fiber laser asekhaya sikhuphuke sisuka ngaphansi kuka-40% saya cishe ku-70% eminyakeni emihlanu. Isabelo semakethe se-American IPG, i-fiber laser ehamba phambili, eShayina sehle kakhulu sisuka ku-53% ngo-2017 saya ku-28% ngo-2022.
Umfanekiso: Isimo sokuncintisana kwemakethe ye-fiber laser yaseShayina kusukela ngo-2018 kuya ku-2022 (umthombo wedatha: Umbiko Wokuthuthukiswa Kwemboni Ye-Laser YaseShayina)
Masingakhulumi ngemakethe yamandla aphansi, efinyelele ekushintsheni kwekhaya. Uma sibheka “umncintiswano wama-watt angu-10,000” emakethe yamandla aphezulu, abakhiqizi basekhaya bancintisana, bebonisa “iShayina Speed” ngokugcwele. Kwathatha i-IPG iminyaka eyi-13 kusukela ekukhishweni kwe-laser yokuqala ye-fiber yezinga lezimboni engu-10-watt ngo-1996 kuze kube sekukhishweni kwe-laser yokuqala ye-fiber engu-10,000-watt, kuyilapho kwathatha iminyaka emi-5 kuphela ukuthi iRaycus Laser isuke kuma-watts ayi-10 iye kuma-watts ayi-10,000.
Emncintiswaneni wama-watts ayi-10,000, abakhiqizi basekhaya bajoyine impi ngokulandelana, futhi ukwenziwa kwendawo kuthuthuka ngesivinini esikhulu. Namuhla, ama-watts ayi-10,000 akuseyona igama elisha, kodwa ithikithi lamabhizinisi lokungena embuthanweni we-laser oqhubekayo. Eminyakeni emithathu edlule, lapho i-Chuangxin Laser ikhombisa i-laser yayo ye-fiber yama-watts angama-25,000 eShanghai Munich Light Expo, yabangela ukuminyana kwezimoto. Kodwa-ke, emibukisweni ehlukahlukene ye-laser kulo nyaka, "ama-watts ayi-10,000" aseyindinganiso yamabhizinisi, ngisho nama-watts angama-30,000, ilebula lama-watts angama-60,000 nayo ibonakala ivamile. Ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba kulo nyaka, i-Pentium ne-Chuangxin bethule umshini wokuqala wokusika i-laser wama-watts angama-85,000 emhlabeni, bephula irekhodi lama-watts e-laser futhi.
Kuleli qophelo, umncintiswano wama-watt angu-10,000 usuphelile. Imishini yokusika nge-laser isishintshe ngokuphelele izindlela zokucubungula zendabuko ezifana nokusika nge-plasma kanye nelangabi emkhakheni wokusika ipuleti eliphakathi nelijiyile. Ukwandisa amandla e-laser ngeke kusasiza kakhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kokusika, kodwa kuzokwandisa izindleko kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla.
Isibalo: Izinguquko emazingeni enzalo aphelele ezinkampani ze-laser kusukela ngo-2014 kuya ku-2022 (umthombo wedatha: Umoya)
Nakuba umncintiswano wama-watt ayi-10,000 wawuwukunqoba okuphelele, "impi yamanani" enamandla nayo yabangela inhlekelele ebuhlungu embonini ye-laser. Kwathatha iminyaka emi-5 kuphela ukuthi isabelo sasekhaya sama-fiber lasers siphumelele, futhi kwathatha iminyaka emi-5 kuphela ukuthi imboni ye-fiber laser isuke enzuzweni enkulu iye enzuzweni encane. Eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, amasu okunciphisa intengo abe yindlela ebalulekile yokuhola izinkampani zasekhaya ukwandisa isabelo semakethe. Ama-laser asekhaya "athengise intengo ngobuningi" futhi angena emakethe ukuze ancintisane nabakhiqizi baphesheya kwezilwandle, futhi "impi yamanani" iye yanda kancane kancane.
I-laser yefayibha engu-10,000-watt yathengiswa ngama-yuan ayizigidi ezimbili ngo-2017. Ngo-2021, abakhiqizi basekhaya banciphise intengo yayo yaba yi-yuan engu-400,000. Ngenxa yenzuzo yayo enkulu yentengo, isabelo semakethe sikaRaycus Laser sahlanganisa i-IPG okokuqala kwikota yesithathu ka-2021, safinyelela intuthuko emlandweni ekushintsheni kwekhaya.
Njengoba kungena u-2022, njengoba inani lezinkampani ze-laser zasekhaya liqhubeka nokukhula, abakhiqizi be-laser bangene esigabeni "sokuthuthuka" sokuncintisana komunye nomunye. Inkundla enkulu yempi yentengo ye-laser ishintshe kusukela esigabeni somkhiqizo wamandla aphansi angu-1-3 kW kuya esigabeni somkhiqizo wamandla aphezulu angu-6-50 kW, futhi izinkampani zincintisana ukuthuthukisa ama-laser we-fiber wamandla aphezulu. Amakhuphoni entengo, amakhuphoni esevisi, kanye nabanye abakhiqizi basekhaya baze baqala uhlelo "lokukhokha okungenayo inkokhelo", bebeka imishini mahhala kubakhiqizi abangaphansi komfula ukuze bahlolwe, futhi ukuncintisana kwaba kukhulu.
Ekupheleni "komqulu", izinkampani ze-laser ezijulukayo azizange zilinde isivuno esihle. Ngo-2022, intengo ye-fiber lasers emakethe yaseShayina izokwehla ngo-40-80% unyaka nonyaka. Amanani asekhaya eminye imikhiqizo ancishisiwe aba yingxenye yeshumi yamanani angenisiwe. Izinkampani zithembele kakhulu ekwandiseni ukuthunyelwa ukuze zilondoloze izinzuzo. Isikhulu se-fiber laser sasekhaya iRaycus sibhekane nokwanda okukhulu kokuthunyelwa unyaka nonyaka, kodwa imali engenayo yokusebenza yehle ngo-6.48% unyaka nonyaka, kanti inzuzo yaso yonke yehle ngaphezu kuka-90% unyaka nonyaka. Iningi labakhiqizi basekhaya abanamabhizinisi abo amakhulu angama-laser bazobona inzuzo eningi encishisiwe ngo-2022.
Umfanekiso: Umkhuba "wempi yamanani" ensimini ye-laser (umthombo wedatha: uqoqwe kusuka kulwazi lomphakathi)
Nakuba izinkampani ezihamba phambili zakwamanye amazwe ziye zabhekana nezinkinga “empini yamanani” emakethe yaseShayina, zithembele ezisekelweni zazo ezijulile, ukusebenza kwazo akwehlanga kodwa kukhuphukile.
Ngenxa yokulawula kwe-TRUMPF Group ibhizinisi lomthombo wokukhanya komshini we-EUV wenkampani yezobuchwepheshe yaseDashi i-ASML, umthamo wayo wama-oda ngonyaka wezimali ka-2022 ukhuphuke usuka kuma-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3.9 esikhathini esifanayo ngonyaka odlule wafinyelela kuma-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-5.6, okuwukukhuphuka okukhulu konyaka nonyaka okungu-42%; Ukuthengiswa kweGaoyi ngonyaka wezimali ka-2022 ngemuva kokutholwa kwe-Guanglian Revenue kukhuphuke ngo-7% unyaka nonyaka, kanti umthamo wama-oda ufinyelele ku-US$4.32 billion, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungu-29%. Ukusebenza kudlule okulindelwe kwikota yesine ilandelana.
Ngemva kokulahlekelwa yindawo emakethe yaseShayina, imakethe enkulu kunazo zonke yokucubungula i-laser, izinkampani zakwamanye amazwe zisengafinyelela ukusebenza okuphezulu okuqopha umlando. Yini esingayifunda endleleni yokuthuthukiswa kwe-laser yezinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ezihamba phambili?
2. "Ukuhlanganiswa Okuqondile" vs. "Ukuhlanganiswa Okuqondile"
Eqinisweni, ngaphambi kokuba imakethe yasekhaya ifinyelele ama-watts ayi-10,000 futhi iqalise "impi yamanani", izinkampani ezihamba phambili zakwamanye amazwe seziqede umjikelezo wokuguquka ngaphambi kwesikhathi esibekiwe. Kodwa-ke, lokho "abakugoqile" akusikho intengo, kodwa ukwakheka komkhiqizo, futhi sebeqalile ukuhlanganiswa kweketanga lemboni ngokuhlanganiswa nokuthengwa.
Emkhakheni wokucubungula nge-laser, izinkampani ezihamba phambili emhlabeni wonke zithathe izindlela ezimbili ezihlukene: endleleni yokuhlanganiswa okuqondile eduze kochungechunge olulodwa lwemboni yomkhiqizo, i-IPG iphambili ngesinyathelo esisodwa; kuyilapho izinkampani ezimelelwe yi-TRUMPF kanye ne-Coherent zikhethe ukuthi “ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Oblique” kusho ukuhlanganiswa okuqondile kanye nokwandiswa kwendawo evundlile “ngezandla zombili.” Lezi zinkampani ezintathu ziqale izikhathi zazo ngokulandelana, okungukuthi isikhathi se-optical fiber esimelelwe yi-IPG, isikhathi se-disc esimelelwe yi-TRUMPF, kanye nesikhathi segesi (kufaka phakathi i-excimer) esimelelwe yi-Coherent.
I-IPG ibusa imakethe ngama-fiber lasers. Selokhu yafakwa ohlwini ngo-2006, ngaphandle kwenkinga yezezimali ngo-2008, imali engenayo yokusebenza kanye nenzuzo kuhlale kusezingeni eliphezulu. Kusukela ngo-2008, i-IPG ithole uchungechunge lwabakhiqizi abanobuchwepheshe bamadivayisi njenge-optical isolators, ama-lens optical coupling, ama-fiber gratings, nama-optical modules, kufaka phakathi i-Photonics Innovations, i-JPSA, i-Mobius Photonics, kanye ne-Menara Networks, ukuze kuqhutshwe ukuhlanganiswa okuqondile endaweni ephezulu yochungechunge lwemboni ye-fiber laser.
Ngo-2010, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-IPG okuphezulu kwase kuqediwe. Le nkampani yafinyelela cishe amandla okuzikhiqiza ayi-100% ezingxenyeni eziyinhloko, idlula kakhulu izimbangi zayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yahola kwezobuchwepheshe futhi yaba ngumholi womzila wokuqala wobuchwepheshe be-fiber amplifier emhlabeni. I-IPG yayisemkhakheni wama-fiber lasers. Ihlezi esihlalweni sobukhosi sokubusa komhlaba wonke.
Umfanekiso: Inqubo yokuhlanganisa uchungechunge lwemboni ye-IPG (umthombo wedatha: ukuhlanganiswa kolwazi lomphakathi)
Njengamanje, izinkampani ze-laser zasekhaya, ezivaleleke “empini yamanani”, sezingene esigabeni “sokuhlanganiswa okuqondile”. Hlanganisa ngokuqondile uchungechunge lwezimboni phezulu bese uqaphela ukuzikhiqizela izingxenye eziyinhloko, ngaleyo ndlela uthuthukise izwi lemikhiqizo emakethe.
Ngo-2022, njengoba "impi yamanani" iba yingozi kakhulu, inqubo yokwenziwa kwamadivayisi ayinhloko izosheshiswa ngokugcwele. Abakhiqizi abaningana be-laser benze intuthuko kubuchwepheshe be-laser obune-double-cladding (triple-cladding) ye-ytterbium; izinga elenziwe ngokwabo lezingxenye ezingasebenzi likhuphuke kakhulu; ezinye izindlela zasekhaya ezifana nama-isolators, ama-collimators, ama-combiners, ama-couplers, kanye nama-fiber gratings ziya ngokuya zithandwa. Zivuthiwe. Izinkampani ezihamba phambili ezifana noRaycus noChuangxin zamukele indlela yokuhlanganiswa okuqondile, zabandakanyeka kakhulu kuma-fiber lasers, futhi kancane kancane zathola ukulawula okuzimele kwezingxenye ngocwaningo olwandisiwe lobuchwepheshe kanye nentuthuko kanye nokuhlanganiswa kanye nokuthengwa.
Lapho "impi" ebilokhu iqhubeka iminyaka eminingi isiphelile, inqubo yokuhlanganiswa kochungechunge lwezimboni lwamabhizinisi aholayo iye yashesha, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi athole ukuncintisana okuhlukile ezixazululweni ezenziwe ngokwezifiso. Ngo-2023, umkhuba wempi yamanani embonini ye-laser uye waba buthakathaka, futhi inzuzo yezinkampani ze-laser ikhuphuke kakhulu. I-Raycus Laser ithole inzuzo eningi yama-yuan ayizigidi eziyi-112 engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, ukwanda okungu-412.25%, futhi ekugcineni yaphuma emthunzini "wempi yamanani".
Ummeleli ojwayelekile wendlela yokuthuthukiswa "kokuhlanganiswa okungabonakali" yi-TRUMPF Group. I-TRUMPF Group yaqala njengenkampani yamathuluzi omshini. Ibhizinisi le-laser ekuqaleni kwakuyi-carbon dioxide lasers. Kamuva, yathola i-HüTTINGER (1990), i-HAAS Laser Co., Ltd. (1991), i-Saxony Machine Tools and Special Machine Tools Co., Ltd. (1992), futhi yandisa ibhizinisi layo le-solid-state laser. Ebhizinisini lemishini yokusika i-laser namanzi, i-disc laser yokuqala yokuhlola yasungulwa ngo-1999 futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ibilokhu ithatha isikhundla esiphambili emakethe yama-disc. Ngo-2008, i-TRUMPF yathola i-SPI, eyayikwazi ukuncintisana ne-IPG, ngama-US$48.9 million, iletha ama-fiber lasers endaweni yayo yebhizinisi. Iphinde yenza izinguquko eziningi emkhakheni wama-laser asheshayo. Ithole abakhiqizi be-laser ye-ultrashort pulse i-Amphos (2018) kanye ne-Active Fiber Systems GmbH (2022) ngokulandelana, futhi iyaqhubeka nokugcwalisa igebe ekuhlelweni kobuchwepheshe be-laser ye-ultrafast njengama-disc, ama-slabs kanye nokukhulisa i-fiber. "iphazili". Ngaphezu kokuhlelwa okuvundlile kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ye-laser efana nama-disc laser, ama-carbon dioxide lasers, kanye nama-fiber lasers, i-TRUMPF Group nayo yenza kahle ekuhlanganisweni okuqondile kweketanga lezimboni. Iphinde inikeze imikhiqizo ephelele yemishini yomshini ezinkampanini ezingezansi futhi inenzuzo yokuncintisana emkhakheni wamathuluzi omshini.
Umfanekiso: Inqubo yokuhlanganiswa kwe-TRUMPF Group ye-industrial chain (umthombo wedatha: ukuhlanganiswa kolwazi lomphakathi)
Le ndlela ivumela ukuzikhiqiza okuqondile komugqa wonke kusukela ezingxenyeni eziyinhloko kuya emishinini ephelele, ibeka ngokuvundlile imikhiqizo ye-laser yobuchwepheshe obuningi, futhi iyaqhubeka nokwandisa imingcele yomkhiqizo. I-Han's Laser kanye ne-Huagong Technology, izinkampani zasekhaya ezihamba phambili emkhakheni we-laser, zilandela indlela efanayo, zibekwe endaweni yokuqala neyesibili phakathi kwabakhiqizi basekhaya ngenzuzo yokusebenza unyaka wonke.
Ukufiphazwa kwemingcele ephezulu nephansi kuyisici esivamile embonini ye-laser. Ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kanye nokuguqulwa kobuchwepheshe, umkhawulo wokungena awuphezulu. Ngesisekelo sabo kanye nesikhuthazo semali, ababaningi abakhiqizi basekhaya abakwaziyo "ukuvula izindawo ezintsha" ngezindlela ezahlukene. Akuvamile ukubonwa. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, abanye abakhiqizi basekhaya baye baqinisa kancane kancane amakhono abo okuhlanganisa futhi kancane kancane bafiphaza imingcele yeketanga lezimboni. Ubudlelwano bokuqala beketanga lokuphakelwa eliphezulu neliphansi buye kancane kancane baba abancintisani, ngokuncintisana okukhulu kuzo zonke izixhumanisi.
Ukuncintisana okunamandla kakhulu kuye kwavuthisa imboni ye-laser yaseShayina ngokushesha, kwakha “ingwe” engasabi izimbangi zakwamanye amazwe futhi kwathuthukisa ngokushesha inqubo yokwenza izinto zibe zendawo. Kodwa-ke, kudale nesimo “sokufa nokuphila” “sezimpi zamanani” ngokweqile kanye nokuncintisana okufanayo. Izinkampani ze-laser zaseShayina zithole indawo eqinile ngokuthembela “kuma-roll”. Zizokwenzenjani esikhathini esizayo?
3. Imiyalelo emibili: Ukubeka ubuchwepheshe obusha nokuhlola izimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle
Sithembele ekusungulweni kwezobuchwepheshe, singaxazulula inkinga yokuchitha imali ukuze sishintshe imakethe ngamanani aphansi; sithembele ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe nge-laser, singaxazulula inkinga yokuncintisana okukhulu emakethe yasekhaya.
Izinkampani ze-laser zaseShayina bezilokhu zilwa nokuthola abaholi baphesheya kwezilwandle esikhathini esidlule. Ngomongo wokugxila ekushintsheni kwasekhaya, yonke inkinga enkulu emakethe yomjikelezo iholwa yizinkampani zakwamanye amazwe, lapho imikhiqizo yendawo ilandela ngokushesha phakathi neminyaka eyi-1-2 bese ishintsha imikhiqizo yasekhaya kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ngemva kokuba sezivuthiwe. Njengamanje, kusenesimo sezinkampani zakwamanye amazwe eziholayo ekuthumeleni izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbonini ezisafufusa ezingezansi, kuyilapho imikhiqizo yasekhaya iqhubeka nokukhuthaza ukushintshwa.
"Ukushintsha" akufanele kuphele ekuphishekeleni "ukushintsha". Okwamanje lapho imboni ye-laser yaseShayina isesimweni sokuguquka, igebe phakathi kobuchwepheshe be-laser obubalulekile babakhiqizi basekhaya namazwe angaphandle liyancipha kancane kancane. Kungukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha ngendlela ephumelelayo nokufuna ukubudlula emakhoneni, ukuze kuqedwe "ukusebenzisa isikhathi esihle sentengo ngenani."
Sekukonke, ukwakheka kobuchwepheshe obusha kudinga ukuhlonza indawo elandelayo yokukhiqiza imboni. Ukucubungula nge-laser kudlule enkathini yokusika elawulwa ukusika kwensimbi kanye nesikhathi sokushisela esishukunyiswa ukwanda kwamandla amasha. Umjikelezo olandelayo wemboni ungase ushintshele emasimini okucubungula amancane njenge-pan-semiconductors, futhi ama-laser ahambisanayo kanye nemishini ye-laser kuzokhipha isidingo esikhulu. "Indawo yokufanisa" yemboni izophinde ishintshele kusukela "kumncintiswano wokuqala wama-watt angu-10,000" wama-laser aqhubekayo anamandla aphezulu iye "kumncintiswano osheshayo kakhulu" wama-laser amafushane kakhulu.
Uma sibheka ngqo ezindaweni ezihlukaniswe kakhulu, singagxila ekuthuthukisweni kwezindawo ezintsha zohlelo lokusebenza kusukela ku-“0 kuya ku-1″ ngesikhathi somjikelezo wobuchwepheshe obusha. Isibonelo, izinga lokungena kwamaseli e-perovskite kulindeleke ukuthi lifinyelele ku-31% ngemuva kuka-2025. Kodwa-ke, imishini yokuqala ye-laser ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokunemba kokucubungula kwamaseli e-perovskite. Izinkampani ze-laser zidinga ukuthumela imishini emisha ye-laser kusengaphambili ukuze zifinyelele ukulawula okuzimele kobuchwepheshe obuyinhloko. , zithuthukise inzuzo enkulu yemishini futhi zibambe ngokushesha imakethe yesikhathi esizayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezithembisayo ezifana nokugcinwa kwamandla, ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, izimboni zokubonisa kanye neze-semiconductor (ukukhushulwa kwe-laser, ukufakelwa kwe-laser, ukudluliselwa kwesisindo), "ukukhiqizwa kwe-AI + laser", njll. nazo zifanelwe ukugxilwa.
Njengoba kuqhubeka intuthuko yobuchwepheshe be-laser yasekhaya kanye nemikhiqizo, i-laser kulindeleke ukuthi ibe ikhadi lebhizinisi lamabhizinisi aseShayina ukuya phesheya kwezilwandle. Unyaka ka-2023 “ngunyaka wokuqala” wama-laser ukuya phesheya kwezilwandle. Njengoba ibhekene nezimakethe ezinkulu zaphesheya kwezilwandle ezidinga ukuphuthuma, imishini ye-laser izolandela abakhiqizi bezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-terminal ezingezansi ukuya phesheya kwezilwandle, ikakhulukazi ibhethri le-lithium “elihamba phambili” laseShayina kanye nemboni yezimoto zamandla amasha, ezohlinzeka ngamathuba okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwemishini ye-laser. Ulwandle luletha amathuba omlando.
Njengamanje, ukuya phesheya kwezilwandle sekuyinto evunyelwene ngayo embonini, futhi izinkampani ezibalulekile seziqalile ukuthatha isinyathelo sokwandisa ngenkuthalo ukwakheka kwamanye amazwe. Ngonyaka odlule, i-Han's Laser yamemezela ukuthi ihlela ukutshala imali engu-US$60 million ukusungula inkampani engaphansi kwe-“Green Energy Industry Development Co., Ltd.” e-United States ukuhlola imakethe yase-US; i-Lianying isungule inkampani engaphansi kweJalimane ukuhlola imakethe yaseYurophu futhi okwamanje ibambisene nezimboni eziningi zamabhethri aseYurophu. Sizokwenza ukushintshana kwezobuchwepheshe nama-OEM; i-Haimixing izophinde igxile ekuhloleni izimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle ngamaphrojekthi okwandisa aphesheya kwezilwandle amafektri amabhethri asekhaya nawangaphandle kanye nabakhiqizi bezimoto.
Inzuzo yentengo "ikhadi le-trump" lezinkampani ze-laser zaseShayina ukuya phesheya kwezilwandle. Imishini ye-laser yasekhaya inezinzuzo ezisobala zentengo. Ngemva kokwenziwa kwendawo kwama-laser nezingxenye eziyinhloko, izindleko zemishini ye-laser zehle kakhulu, futhi ukuncintisana okukhulu nakho kuye kwehlisa amanani. I-Asia-Pacific kanye neYurophu sezibe yizindawo eziyinhloko zokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-laser. Ngemva kokuya phesheya kwezilwandle, abakhiqizi basekhaya bazokwazi ukuqedela ukuthengiselana ngamanani aphezulu kunezilinganiso zendawo, okwandisa kakhulu inzuzo.
Kodwa-ke, ingxenye yamanje yokuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo ye-laser enanini lomkhiqizo embonini ye-laser yaseShayina isephansi, futhi ukuya phesheya kwezilwandle kuzobhekana nezinkinga ezifana nomphumela onganele womkhiqizo kanye namakhono abuthakathaka ensizakalo yendawo. Kuseyindlela ende futhi enzima yokuqhubekela phambili ngempela.
Umlando wentuthuko ye-laser eShayina ungumlando wokulwa okunonya okusekelwe emthethweni wehlathi.
Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, izinkampani ze-laser zibone ukubhapathizwa “komncintiswano wama-watt angu-10,000” kanye “nezimpi zamanani” futhi zidale “i-vanguard” engancintisana nemikhiqizo yakwamanye amazwe emakethe yasekhaya. Iminyaka eyishumi ezayo izoba yisikhathi esibalulekile sokuba ama-laser asekhaya ashintshe “emakethe ephuma igazi” aye ekusungulweni kwezobuchwepheshe, futhi asuke ekushintsheni kwasekhaya aye emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. Ukuhamba ngale ndlela kuphela lapho imboni ye-laser yaseShayina ingabona khona ushintsho lwayo kusukela “ekulandeleni nasekugijimeni eceleni” kuya “ekuholeni”.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-23-2023
