Ukuhlanzwa nge-laserubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokwelapha ubuso obusebenzisa imisebe ye-laser enamandla aphezulu ukuze iphele ngokushesha futhi isuse okunamathiselwe ebusweni (ukungcola, ukugqwala, ukumbozwa, njll.). Uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokuhlanza zendabuko zemishini, zamakhemikhali neze-ultrasonic, ukuhlanza nge-laser kunezinzuzo ezibalulekile njengokunemba, ukusebenza kahle kanye nokulawulwa, okungathuthukisa ngempumelelo ikhwalithi yobuso bezingxenye futhi kwandise impilo yazo yesevisi. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezidingo zekhwalithi yobuso ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni, ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza bendabuko kancane kancane abukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo. Ukuhlanza nge-laser, ngezici zayo zokungathinti, ezingonakalisi futhi ezinobungani nemvelo, sekuwubuchwepheshe obubalulekile bokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezingxenye ekukhiqizeni kwesimanje.
Umdwebo wesimiso wokuhlanza nge-laser
Ukusetshenziswa kokuhlanza nge-laser emkhakheni wezimboni
Ngokuthandwa kwemibono yokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile kanye nokukhiqiza okuluhlaza,ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza nge-laseringena enkathini yentuthuko esheshayo, futhi amathuba okusetshenziswa kwayo emkhakheni wezimboni abanzi. Lobu buchwepheshe, ngezinzuzo zabo zokuba nobungane nemvelo, obusebenza kahle futhi obunembile, buthatha indawo yezindlela zokuhlanza zendabuko kancane kancane futhi busetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni ebalulekile njengokukhiqiza imishini ephezulu, i-elekthronikhi enembile kanye nezindiza. Okwamanje, ukuvela okuqhubekayo kwezinto ezintsha nezinqubo ezintsha kuzokwandisa imingcele yokusetshenziswa kokuhlanza nge-laser. Ngezansi, sizokwethula izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko zokuhlanza nge-laser embonini ngezinto ezahlukene.
Ukuhlanzwa nge-laser kusetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wezinto zensimbi ukususa amafilimu kawoyela, izembozo, upende kanye nezendlalelo ze-oxide. Isibonelo, ebusweni bensimbi yekhabhoni, insimbi engagqwali kanye ne-aluminium alloy, ama-laser angasusa ngempumelelo amabala kawoyela kanye nezinto zokugcoba ngaphandle kokulimaza i-substrate. Ezikhumbeni zezindiza, izingxenye zezimoto, njll., ama-laser angasusa ngokukhetha izembozo ezindala noma upende futhi anikeze ukunamathela okungcono kwezembozo ezintsha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanzwa nge-laser kungasusa ngempumelelo ungqimba lwe-oxide ebusweni bezinsimbi (njengensimbi yekhabhoni kanye ne-titanium alloys), kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokushisela nokupenda, futhi kwezinye izimo, umphumela wayo ungcono kunowokupholisha okwenziwa ngemishini okuvamile.
Umdwebo wesimiso ohlobene nokuhlanzwa kwezinto zensimbi nge-laser
Phakathi kwezinto ezingezona ezensimbi, ukuhlanzwa nge-laser kusebenza ezintweni zokuvikela (ingilazi, izinto zobumba, irabha ye-silicone), izinto zamatshe kanye nezinto ezihlanganisiwe. Isibonelo, ama-laser angahlanza izinto zokuvikela emishinini yamandla ngaphandle kokubhubhisa noma asuse i-pigment graffiti kanye ne-biofilms ebusweni be-granite. Kwipulasitiki eqiniswe nge-carbon fiber (CFRP), ama-laser angasusa ngokunembile ungqimba lwe-epoxy resin, athuthukise amandla okubopha, futhi avimbele umonakalo we-fiber obangelwa ukugaya ngomshini. Isibalo 3 sibonisa ukuqhathaniswa okukhulu kwe-CFRP ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlanzwa nge-laser.
Ukuqhathanisa ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlanzwa kwe-CFRP nge-laser
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor kunezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokuhlanzeka. Ukuhlanzwa nge-laser kungasusa ngempumelelo izinhlayiya ze-nanoscale (njengezinhlayiya ze-alumina nezethusi) ebusweni be-silicon wafers, kuqinisekiswe ukucutshungulwa okunembe kakhulu kwezifunda ezihlanganisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-laser asetshenziselwa ukuhlanza i-photomask, ukugwema ukulimala kwe-substrate ngokusebenzisa indlela ye-plasma shock wave, futhi afanele ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe njenge-ultraviolet lithography eyingozi kakhulu.
Isithombe sokuqhathanisa sokuhlanzwa kwe-silicon wafer nge-laser
Ukuhlanzwa kwe-laser, ngokunemba kwayo okuphezulu, ubungane bemvelo kanye nokusebenza kwayo kabanzi, kubonise amandla amakhulu emikhakheni yezinsimbi, okungezona izinsimbi, ama-semiconductor kanye nezimboni ezikhethekile. Esikhathini esizayo, lobu buchwepheshe buzofeza intuthuko ephumelelayo ngezindlela ezintathu ezinkulu: ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo okuluhlaza kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlakaniphile. Emkhakheni wokukhiqiza ophezulu, ukuhlanzwa kwe-laser kuzosetshenziswa ngokujulile ekuxhumaneni okubalulekile kwenqubo njengokugcinwa kwezingxenye zokunemba kwezindiza, ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kokushiswa kwebhethri yemoto entsha yamandla, kanye nokuhlanzwa kwama-wafer e-semiconductor, okukhuthaza ukuthuthuka okuphelele ekunembileni nasekusebenzeni kahle kokukhiqiza. Ngokuphathelene nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, isici sayo sokungabi nokungcola sizosheshisa ukushintshwa kwezinqubo zokuhlanza amakhemikhali zendabuko, ikakhulukazi emikhakheni enezidingo eziqinile zemvelo njengokwelashwa kwemfucuza yenuzi kanye nokugcinwa kwemishini ye-petrochemical. Ngokuphathelene nentuthuko ehlakaniphile, ngokuhlanganiswa nokuqashelwa okubonakalayo kwe-AI kanye nobuchwepheshe berobhothi yezimboni, ukuhlanzwa kwe-laser kuzofeza ukulungiswa kwamapharamitha aguquguqukayo kanye nokusebenza okuzimela ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi, kwandise kakhulu izimo zokusetshenziswa kwayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-10-2025
