Ukusika i-laserisicelo
Ama-laser e-axial flow asheshayo e-CO2 asetshenziswa kakhulu ekusikeni nge-laser yezinto zensimbi, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yekhwalithi yawo enhle yogongolo. Nakuba i-reflection yezinsimbi eziningi emishayweni ye-laser ye-CO2 iphezulu kakhulu, ukubonakala kwendawo yensimbi kumazinga okushisa asekamelweni kuyanda ngokwanda kwezinga lokushisa nedigri ye-oxidation. Uma indawo yensimbi yonakele, i-reflection yensimbi iseduze ne-1. Ngokusika kwe-laser yensimbi, amandla aphakathi nendawo ayadingeka, futhi ama-laser aphezulu we-CO2 kuphela analesi simo.
1. Ukusika i-laser yezinto zensimbi
1.1 I-CO2 eqhubekayo yokusika i-laser Imingcele yenqubo eyinhloko ye-CO2 yokusika i-laser eqhubekayo ihlanganisa amandla e-laser, uhlobo nokucindezela kwegesi elisizayo, isivinini sokusika, indawo yokugxila, ukujula kwe-focal nokuphakama kwe-nozzle.
(1) Amandla e-Laser Amandla e-Laser anethonya elikhulu ekusikeni ukushuba, isivinini sokusika kanye nobubanzi bokusika. Lapho amanye amapharamitha ehlala njalo, ijubane lokusika liyancipha ngokunyuka kokuqina kwepuleti lokusika futhi landa ngokunyuka kwamandla e-laser. Ngamanye amazwi, amandla amakhulu e-laser, iba mkhulu ipuleti elingasikwa, isivinini sokusika siyashesha, futhi iba nkulu kancane ububanzi bokusikwa.
(2) Uhlobo nokucindezela kwegesi elisizayo Lapho usika insimbi ye-carbon ephansi, i-CO2 isetshenziswa njengegesi elisizayo ukuze kusetshenziswe ukushisa kwe-iron-oxygen combustion reaction ukuze kuthuthukiswe inqubo yokusika. Ijubane lokusika liphezulu futhi ikhwalithi yokusika ilungile, ikakhulukazi ukusika ngaphandle kwe-slag enamathelayo kungatholakala. Lapho usika insimbi engagqwali, kusetshenziswa i-CO2. I-slag kulula ukunamathela engxenyeni engezansi ye-incision. I-CO2 + N2 igesi exubile noma ukugeleza kwegesi enezingqimba ezimbili kuvame ukusetshenziswa. Ukucindezela kwegesi elisizayo kunomphumela ophawulekayo kumphumela wokusika. Ukwandisa ngokufanele ukucindezela kwegesi kungakhuphula isivinini sokusika ngaphandle kwe-slag enamathelayo ngenxa yokwanda komfutho wokugeleza kwegesi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamandla okususwa kwe-slag. Kodwa-ke, uma ingcindezi iphezulu kakhulu, indawo esikiwe iba lukhuni. Umthelela wokucindezela komoyampilo ekulinganiseni okumaphakathi kwendawo yokusikeka uboniswa emfanekisweni ongezansi.
Ukucindezela komzimba nakho kuncike ekugqineni kwepuleti. Lapho usika insimbi yekhabhoni ephansi ngelaser engu-1kW CO2, ubudlelwano phakathi komfutho we-oxygen nogqinsi lwepuleti buboniswa esithombeni esingezansi.
(3) Isivinini sokusika Isivinini sokusika sinomthelela omkhulu kwikhwalithi yokusika. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zamandla e-laser, kunamanani abalulekile aphezulu naphansi ahambisanayo esivinini esihle sokusika lapho usika insimbi ye-carbon ephansi. Uma ijubane lokusika liphakeme noma liphansi kunenani elibalulekile, ukunamathela kwe-slag kuzokwenzeka. Uma ijubane lokusika lihamba kancane, isikhathi sesenzo sokushisa kwe-oxidation reaction on the cutting edge sandiswa, ububanzi bokusika buyanda, futhi indawo yokusika iba lukhuni. Njengoba isivinini sokusika sikhula, ukusika kancane kancane kuya kuba mncane kuze kube yilapho ububanzi be-incision ephezulu bulingana nobubanzi bendawo. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-incision imise okwe-wedge, ibanzi phezulu futhi iminyene ngezansi. Njengoba ijubane lokusika liqhubeka nokwanda, ububanzi bendawo engaphezulu buyaqhubeka buba buncane, kodwa ingxenye engezansi yokusikwa iba banzi ngokuqhathaniswa futhi iba umumo we-wedge ohlanekezelwe.
(5)Ukujula kokugxila
Ukujula kokugxila kunomthelela othile kwikhwalithi yendawo yokusika kanye nesivinini sokusika. Lapho usika amapuleti ensimbi amakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa, ugongolo olunokujula okukhulu kokugxila kufanele kusetshenziswe; lapho usika amapuleti amancane, ugongolo olunokugxila okuncane kufanele lusetshenziswe.
(6)Ubude bomlomo
Ukuphakama kwe-nozzle kubhekisela ebangeni elisuka ekugcineni kwe-nozzle yegesi elisizayo ukuya endaweni engaphezulu ye-workpiece. Ukuphakama kwe-nozzle kukhulu, futhi umfutho wokugeleza komoya oyisizayo okhishiwe kulula ukuguquguquka, okuthinta ikhwalithi yokusika nesivinini. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukusika i-laser, ukuphakama kwe-nozzle ngokuvamile kuncishiswa, ngokuvamile ku-0.5 ~ 2.0mm.
① Izici ze-laser
a. Khulisa amandla e-laser. Ukuthuthukisa ama-lasers anamandla kuyindlela eqondile nephumelelayo yokwandisa ukushuba kokusika.
b. I-Pulse processing. Ama-laser ama-pulsed anamandla aphezulu kakhulu futhi angangena kumapuleti ensimbi awugqinsi. Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-high-frequency, i-pulse-width pulse-width pulse laser kungasika amapuleti ensimbi awugqinsi ngaphandle kokukhuphula amandla e-laser, futhi usayizi wokusika mncane kunalowo wokusika kwe-laser okuqhubekayo.
c. Sebenzisa ama-laser amasha
②Isistimu yokubona
a. Isistimu yokubona eguquguqukayo. Umehluko kusuka ekusikeni kwe-laser yendabuko ukuthi ayidingi ukubeka ukugxila ngaphansi kwendawo yokusika. Lapho indawo yokugxila iguquguquka phezulu naphansi ngamamilimitha ambalwa ngokuhambisana nesiqondiso sokujiya sepuleti lensimbi, ubude bokugxila kusistimu yokubona eguquguqukayo buzoshintsha ngokushintsha kwendawo yokugxila. Izinguquko eziya phezulu naphansi kubude obugxilile ziqondana nokunyakaza okuhlobene phakathi kwelaser nesiqeshana sokusebenza, okubangela ukuthi indawo yokugxila ishintshe phezulu naphansi eduze nokujula kocezu lokusebenza. Le nqubo yokusika lapho isimo sokugxila sishintsha khona nezimo zangaphandle ingaveza ukusikeka kwekhwalithi ephezulu. Ububi bale ndlela ukuthi ukujula kokusika kunomkhawulo, ngokuvamile akukho ngaphezu kwama-30mm.
b. Ubuchwepheshe bokusika i-Bifocal. Ilensi ekhethekile isetshenziselwa ukugxilisa ugongolo kabili ezingxenyeni ezihlukene. Njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 4.58, u-D ububanzi bengxenye emaphakathi yelensi futhi uwububanzi bengxenye esemaphethelweni yelensi. Irediyasi yokugoba enkabeni yelensi inkulu kunendawo ezungezile, yenza ukugxila okukabili. Phakathi nenqubo yokusika, ukugxila okuphezulu kutholakala endaweni engaphezulu ye-workpiece, futhi ukugxila okuphansi kutholakala eduze kwendawo engezansi ye-workpiece. Lobu buchwepheshe obukhethekile bokusika i-laser obukabili bunezinzuzo eziningi. Ukusika insimbi emnene, ayikwazi nje ukugcina ugongolo lwe-laser olunamandla aphezulu endaweni engaphezulu yensimbi ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezimo ezidingekayo ukuze izinto zithungele, kodwa futhi nokugcina i-laser enamandla kakhulu eduze nendawo ephansi yensimbi. ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuthungela. Isidingo sokukhiqiza ukusikeka okuhlanzekile kulo lonke uhla lokuqina kwempahla. Lobu buchwepheshe bunweba ububanzi bemingcele yokuthola ukusikeka kwekhwalithi ephezulu. Isibonelo, usebenzisa i-3kW CO2. I-laser, ukujiya okujwayelekile kokusika kungafinyelela ku-15 ~ 20mm kuphela, kuyilapho ukujiya kokusika kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obubili bokugxila bungafinyelela ku-30 ~ 40mm.
③Nozzle nokugeleza komoya okusizayo
Dizayina ngokunengqondo umlomo wombhobho ukuze uthuthukise izici zenkundla yokugeleza komoya. Ububanzi bodonga lwangaphakathi lombhobho we-supersonic buqala buncipha bese buyanda, obungakwazi ukukhiqiza ukugeleza komoya okuphezulu endaweni yokuphuma. Umfutho wokunikezwa komoya ungaba phezulu kakhulu ngaphandle kokukhiqiza amagagasi okwethuka. Uma usebenzisa i-supersonic nozzle yokusika i-laser, ikhwalithi yokusika nayo ilungile. Njengoba ingcindezi yokusika yombhobho we-supersonic endaweni yokusebenza izinzile, ifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukusikwa kwe-laser kwamapuleti ensimbi aminyene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-18-2024
