Imishini ye-Laser
Imishini ye-laser ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu: imishini yokumaka i-laser, imishini yokushisela i-laser, kanye nemishini yokusika i-laser. Imishini yokumaka i-laser ifaka phakathi imishini yokumaka i-laser ye-semiconductor, imishini yokumaka i-laser ye-CO2, imishini yokumaka i-fiber laser, imishini yokumaka i-ultraviolet laser, njll.; okwamanje, imishini yokushisela i-laser ifaka phakathi imishini yokushisela i-laser ezenzakalelayo ye-YAG kanye nemishini yokushisela i-laser ezenzakalelayo yokudlulisa i-fiber-optic, njll.; imishini yokusika i-laser ifaka phakathi imishini yokusika i-laser ye-YAG kanye nemishini yokusika i-laser ye-fiber, njll.
Okuqukethwe Okuyisisekelo
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-imishini yokumaka nge-laserNgokwezakhiwo ezahlukene zama-laser, angahlukaniswa cishe ngemishini yokumaka i-fiber laser, imishini yokumaka i-carbon dioxide laser, imishini yokumaka i-semiconductor laser, imishini yokumaka i-ultraviolet laser, kanye nemishini yokumaka i-green laser. Phakathi kwazo, ama-fiber, i-carbon dioxide, i-semiconductor, kanye nama-ultraviolet laser asetshenziselwa ukucubungula ubuso bemikhiqizo, kuyilapho ama-green laser esetshenziselwa ukumaka ingaphakathi lemikhiqizo yengilazi nekristalu, ngakho-ke ama-green laser abizwa nangokuthi imishini yokusika yangaphakathi. Imikhiqizo yazo zonke izinhlobo (izinsimbi, izinkuni, izinto ezisekelwe emanzini, ezingashi, kanye nezinto ezisekelwe emhlabeni) ingacutshungulwa ngemishini yokumaka i-laser!
Umshini we-LASER we-YAG
I-laser ye-YAG iyi-laser yesimo esiqinile enobude be-wavelength obungu-1.064um ebhendini le-infrared. Isebenzisa isibani se-krypton njengomthombo wamandla (umthombo wokuvuselela) kanye ne-ND:YAG (i-laser ye-Nd:YAG; i-Nd (neodymium) iyinto engavamile yomhlaba, i-YAG imele i-yttrium aluminium garnet, isakhiwo sayo sekristalu esifana nese-ruby) njengendlela yokukhiqiza i-laser. Umthombo wokuvuselela ukhipha ukukhanya kwe-incident kwe-wavelength ethile, okwenza into esebenzayo ifinyelele ukuguqulwa kwabantu, ikhulule i-laser ngokushintsha kwezinga lamandla, ikhulise amandla e-laser, ibumbe futhi igxilise ukuze yakhe umsebe we-laser ongasetshenziswa.
Umshini We-Laser We-Semiconductor
Umshini wokumaka i-laser opompelwe nge-semiconductor usebenzisa i-semiconductor laser diode enobude be-wavelength obungu-0.808um (opompelwe eceleni noma ekugcineni) ukupompa i-Nd:YAG medium, ukuze i-medium ikhiqize inani elikhulu lezinhlayiya eziguquliwe, ezakha umphumela omkhulu we-laser pulse onobude be-wavelength obungu-1.064um ngaphansi kwesenzo se-Q-switch, onekhono eliphezulu lokuguqulwa kwe-electro-optical. Uma kuqhathaniswa nomshini wokumaka i-laser opompelwe nge-lamp YAG, umshini wokumaka i-laser opompelwe nge-semiconductor unezinzuzo zokuzinza okungcono, ukonga amandla, asikho isidingo sokushintsha izibani, njll., kodwa intengo iphakeme kakhulu.
Umshini Wokumaka I-Fiber Laser
Yakhiwe ngokuyinhloko ngezingxenye ezintathu: i-laser, i-galvanometer scanner, kanye nekhadi lokumaka. Ungumshini wokumaka osebenzisa i-fiber laser ukukhiqiza i-laser. Unekhwalithi enhle yokukhanya, unesikhungo sokukhipha esingu-1064nm, futhi impilo yesevisi yomshini wonke ingamahora angaba ngu-100,000, okude kunezinye izinhlobo zemishini yokumaka i-laser. Ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwe-electro-optical kungaphezu kuka-28%, okunenzuzo enkulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa okungu-2%-10% kwezinye izinhlobo zemishini yokumaka i-laser, futhi kusebenza kahle kakhulu ekulondolozweni kwamandla kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.
Umshini Wokumaka we-CO2 Laser
I-laser ye-CO2 iyi-laser yegesi enobude be-wavelength obungu-10.64um ebhendini ye-infrared ekude. Isebenzisa igesi ye-CO2 egcwele eshubhini lokukhipha njengento yokukhiqiza i-laser. Uma kusetshenziswa i-voltage ephezulu kuma-electrode, kukhishwa ukukhanya eshubhini lokukhipha, okungenza ama-molecule egesi akhiphe i-laser. Ngemva kokukhulisa amandla e-laser, kwakheka umsebe we-laser wokucubungula izinto.
Umshini Wokumaka We-Laser Ye-Ultraviolet
Umshini wokumaka i-laser ye-ultraviolet uhlonyiswe nge-laser ejulile ye-ultraviolet, uhlelo lwe-galvanometer lokuskena olungeniswa ngesivinini esikhulu, njll.; ngenxa yendawo encane kakhulu egxile kumshini wokumaka i-laser ye-ultraviolet kanye nendawo engathinteki kakhulu ekushiseni ngesikhathi sokucubungula, umshini wokumaka i-laser ye-ultraviolet ungenza ukumaka okuhle kakhulu kanye nokumaka izinto ezikhethekile. Ungumkhiqizo okhethwayo kumakhasimende anezidingo eziphakeme ekusetshenzisweni kokumaka. Umshini wokumaka i-laser ye-ultraviolet unezici zesilinganiso sokuguqulwa okuphezulu kwe-electro-optical, impilo ende yenkonzo yekristalu engeyona i-linear, ukusebenza okuzinzile komshini wonke, ukunemba okuphezulu kokubeka, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, kanye nomklamo we-modular ukuze kube lula ukufaka nokulungisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhentshi lokusebenza elizenzakalelayo elinezici ezimbili lingahlonyiselwa ngokuzithandela ukuze kufezwe ukumaka okuqhubekayo kweziteshi eziningi noma ukumaka kwefomethi enkulu.
Umshini Wokumaka we-Yttrium Aluminium Garnet
I-medium esebenzayo iqinile, futhi i-laser ikhipha amaza okukhanya angu-1060nm eduze kwesifunda se-infrared. Inezinhlobo ezimbili:uhlobo oluqhubekayo kanye nohlobo lwepeni elikhanyayoNgokushintsha amandla okukhipha, imisebe ye-laser yamandla ahlukene ingatholakala. Izinqubo zokumaka zifaka phakathi indlela yokukhonkotha (uphawu olumnyama), indlela yokufutha (uphawu olukhanyayo) kanye nendlela yokukhuphula (uphawu oluqoshiwe), enekhwalithi enhle kakhulu yokumaka.
Umshini Wokumaka we-Excimer
Ingakhipha amaza okukhanya ebangeni le-ultraviolet (100 ~ 400nm), kanti indawo esebenzayo yakhiwe yingxube ye-helium, i-argon, i-krypton, amagesi e-neon nama-halogens afana ne-chlorine, i-fluorine, i-bromine, ne-iodine.
Umshini Wokumaka we-Laser Oluhlaza
Umshini wokumaka i-laser eluhlaza usebenzisa ukupompa ohlangothini, okuhlukile kumshini wokumaka i-laser ophendulwe yi-semiconductor futhi unezinzuzo ezisobala: umkhiqizo we-laser eluhlaza ongu-532nm, ububanzi obuncane be-spot focused, amandla agxile kakhulu, ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwe-electro-optical okuphezulu, kanye nekhwalithi enhle ye-beam. Umshini wonke unesivikelo esihle kanye nokulawula ukumaka okulula, usebenzisa ukulawulwa kohlelo lwe-PLC ukuze kufezwe ukuqalisa okuyisihluthulelo esisodwa. Imishini ifaneleka kakhulu ekuqopheni ubuso bemikhiqizo yengilazi, njengezikrini zefoni ephathekayo, izikrini ze-LCD, amadivayisi optical (njenge-lens optical), ingilazi yemoto, njll. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingasetshenziswa ekucubungulweni kobuso bezinto eziningi zensimbi nezingezona ezensimbi noma ekucubungulweni kwamafilimu okumboza, njengehadiwe, izinto zobumba, izibuko namawashi, i-PC, amadivayisi kagesi, izinsimbi ezahlukahlukene, amabhodi e-PCB namaphaneli okulawula, amapuleti nameplate namabhodi okubonisa, amapulasitiki, njll. Inokusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo efanayo. Intengo yayo ibiza kakhulu.
Ukusikwa kwe-laser ukuthi umsebe we-laser ovundlile okhishwa yi-laser uguqulwa ube umsebe we-laser oqonde phansi oqonde phezulu ngesibuko sokubonakalisa esingu-45°, bese ugxilwe ilensi, bese uhlanganiswa ube yindawo encane kakhulu endaweni yokugxila. Ubuningi bamandla e-laser obugxile endaweni buphakeme njengo-10^6~10^9W/cm^2. Umsebenzi endaweni yawo yokugxila ukhanyiswa yindawo ye-laser enamandla aphezulu, okuzokhiqiza izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lendawo elingaphezu kuka-10000°C, okwenza umsebenzi uphele ngokushesha. Ngemuva kwalokho, insimbi ephefumulayo ipheshulwa ngegesi yokusika eyisizayo, ukuze kusikwe umsebenzi ube yimbobo encane kakhulu. Ngokuhamba kwethuluzi lomshini we-CNC, izimbobo ezincane ezingenakubalwa zixhunywe ukuze zakhe isimo esifiselekayo. Ngenxa yemvamisa ephezulu kakhulu yokusikwa kwe-laser, ukuxhumana komgodi ngamunye omncane kubushelelezi kakhulu, futhi imikhiqizo esikiwe inokuphela okuphezulu.
Ukushisela nge-laser kusebenzisa ama-laser pulses anamandla aphezulu ukuze kushiswe izinto endaweni encane. Amandla emisebe ye-laser ayasakazeka ngaphakathi kwezinto ngokusebenzisa ukushisa, ancibilikise izinto ukuze kwakheke ichibi elithile elincibilikisiwe. Luhlobo olusha lwendlela yokushisela, ikakhulukazi yokushisela izinto ezinazindonga ezincane kanye nezingxenye eziqondile. Ingenza ukushisela okuqondile, ukushisela okuqondile, ukushisela okuqondile, ukushisela okuqondile, njll., ngesilinganiso esiphakeme sokujula nobubanzi, ububanzi obuncane bokushisela, indawo encane ethintekile ekushiseni, ukuguqulwa okuncane, isivinini sokushisela esisheshayo, umthungo wokushisela oyisicaba nomhle, asikho isidingo sokwelashwa ngemva kokushisela noma ukwelashwa okulula kuphela, ikhwalithi ephezulu yokushisela, akukho zindawo ezimboziwe, ukulawula okuqondile, indawo encane yokukhanya egxile, ukunemba okuphezulu kokubeka, kanye nokufezwa okulula kokuzenzakalela.
Ukulungiswa Kwemishini Ye-Laser
1. Hlanza amalensi, uqondise izinsimbi futhi uhlanze udoti ebhentshini lokusebenzela nsuku zonke; Indlela yokuhlanza amalensi: Uma uhlanza amalensi, kumele usebenzise i-ethanol engamanzi noma i-98% yotshwala njengoketshezi lokuhlanza. Cwilisa inani elincane likakotini olumunca utshwala, usule amalensi ngobumnene ngendlela eqondile, bese ekugcineni usula amalensi ngobumnene ngokotini owomile ukuze wenze amalensi akhanye futhi abonakale; (Qaphela: Ukusula kakhulu kungasula uqweqwe olusemalensini, kubangele umonakalo kumalensi)
Indlela yokuhlanza izinsimbi zokuqondisa: Okokuqala susa amabala bese ucubungula imfucuza ezinsikeni zokuqondisa, bese ufaka uwoyela omncane wokugcoba ohlanzekile ezinsikeni zokuqondisa, bese uhambisa izinsimbi zokuqondisa ukuze wenze uwoyela wokugcoba ohlanzekile usatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo ezinsikeni zokuqondisa. (Qaphela: Ungasebenzisi uwoyela wokugcoba ojiyile (amafutha), okulula ukubangela ukungcola kokucubungula kanye nothuli kunamathele ezinsikeni zokuqondisa, okuholela ekugugeni nasekulimeni kwama-slider kanye nezinsimbi zokuqondisa);
Indlela yokuhlanza ibhentshi lokusebenzela: Ibhentshi lokusebenzela liqukethe i-zinc-iron alloy, i-honeycomb, i-crawler, i-knife strip kanye nezinye ibhentshi lokusebenzela. Okokuqala, hlanza imfucumfucu yokucubungula ebhentshini lokusebenzela. Ebhentshini lokusebenzela le-crawler, kuyadingeka ukwengeza uwoyela omncane ohlanzekile wokulwa nokugqwala ebhentshini lokusebenzela njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ukuze welashwe ukugqwala; ezinye ibhentshi lokusebenzela aziwudingi. (Qaphela: Ibhentshi lokusebenzela alikwazi ukuhlanzwa ngamanzi, okulula ukubangela ibhentshi lokusebenzela ukugqwala futhi kusheshiswe ukugqwala kwebhentshi lokusebenzela.)
2. Hlanza njalo ifeni yokukhipha umoya kanye nepayipi lokukhipha umoya ukuze kuhlale kuhlanzekile;
Indlela yokuhlanza ifeni yokukhipha umoya kanye nepayipi lokukhipha umoya: Uma intuthu nothuli ngesikhathi sokucubungula kukhulu, kuyadingeka ukuhlanza ifeni. Vula isembozo sangaphandle sefeni, ukhuhle uthuli olusezitsheni zefeni kanye neziteshi zomoya nge-chip encane yokhuni, bese uphephula uthuli ngesibhamu somoya esinomfutho ophezulu. Indlela yokuhlanza ipayipi lokukhipha umoya ifana neyefeni yokukhipha umoya.
(Qaphela: Awekho amanzi angangena epayipini lokukhipha umoya futhi awakwazi ukunwetshwa aye ezindaweni ezinomswakama, njengemisele yamanzi angcolile.)
3. Hlanza njalo amaphini okupholisa ethangi lamanzi;
Indlela yokuhlanza amaphiko okupholisa: Inhloso eyinhloko yamaphiko okupholisa ukukhipha ukushisa kokujikeleza kwamanzi epayipini le-laser. Ukushabalalisa ukushisa okubi kuthinta ngqo amandla okukhipha i-laser, ngakho-ke ukuhlanzwa kwamaphiko okupholisa kubaluleke kakhulu.
Okokuqala, susa uthuli emaphinini okupholisa ngebhulashi, bese usebenzisa isibhamu somoya esinomfutho ophezulu ukufutha umoya ungene endaweni yokungena amanzi ukuze kuhlanzwe igesi, ekugcineni uthele uketshezi lokuhlanza amaphinini okupholisa umoya opholile emaphinini okupholisa ukuze kuhlanzwe, hlambulula ngamanzi bese womisa ngaphambi kokusebenzisa.
4. Ingxenye yokudlulisela imishini ngomshini idinga ukugcotshwa ngamafutha kanye ngenyanga;
Imithetho yokulungisa ingxenye yokudlulisa imishini ngomshini: Ingxenye yokudlulisa imishini ihlanganisa amasondo ahambisanayo, amabheringi, amasondo abonakalayo, izinduku ze-optical, njll. Ingxenye eyinhloko yokufutha amafutha amabheringi. Amasondo ahambisanayo, amasondo abonakalayo, nezinduku ze-optical kufanele zingagqwali, futhi amabheringi okuxhuma adinga ukungezwa ngowoyela wokugcoba ohlanzekile kanye ngenyanga.
5. Amanzi ajikelezayo adinga ukushintshwa kanye ngesonto;
Imithetho yokunakekela amanzi ajikelezayo: Umsebenzi oyinhloko wamanzi ajikelezayo ukukhipha ukushisa kweshubhu ye-laser, okuthinta ngqo amandla kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo yeshubhu ye-laser. Amanzi ajikelezayo kumele abe ngamanzi ahlanzekile, ukuze leso sikali singabi lula ukwakheka odongeni lwangaphakathi lweshubhu ye-laser. Lapho amanzi eba mafu, amanzi ajikelezayo kumele ashintshwe. Umthamo womjovo wamanzi ungcono kakhulu u-2/3 wethangi lamanzi, futhi amanzi kumele engezwe uma engaphansi kuka-1/3, ngaphandle kwalokho ishubhu ye-laser ingaqhuma.
6. Emishinini emisha ye-laser, amandla okukhipha i-laser kufanele alawulwe ngaphansi kuka-80%;
7. Ukuze kwandiswe impilo yenkonzo yeshubhu yelaser, kunconywa ukuthi uphumule cishe imizuzu eyi-10 ngemva komsebenzi oqhubekayo amahora ama-5 ngaphambi kokusebenza futhi.
8. Ukugcinwa kweshubhu yelaser: Emishinini emisha yelaser, amandla okukhipha i-laser kufanele alawulwe ngaphansi kuka-80%, ikakhulukazi ngoba igesi eshubhuni elisha lelaser igcwele, futhi ukusebenzisa ukucubungula amandla aphezulu kulula ukubangela ukusetshenziswa kwegesi okusheshayo futhi kunciphise impilo yenkonzo yeshubhu yelaser. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuphumula cishe imizuzu eyi-10 ngemuva komsebenzi oqhubekayo amahora ama-5 ukuthi umsebenzi wesikhathi eside weshubhu yelaser uzobangela ukuba izinga lokushisa leshubhu yelaser likhuphuke, okuholela emandleni angazinzile futhi abuthakathaka.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-27-2026
