1. Uhlolojikelele lwemboni ye-laser
(1) Isingeniso seLaser
I-Laser (Ukukhulisa Ukukhanya Ngokuphuma Okuthuthukisiwe Kokukhishwa Kwemisebe, okufushanisiwe njengokuthi I-LASER) ingumsebe wokukhanya ohlanganisiwe, we-monochromatic, ohlangene, oqondisayo okhiqizwa ukukhuliswa kwemisebe yokukhanya ngefrikhwensi encane nge-resonance yempendulo ejabulisayo nemisebe.
Ubuchwepheshe be-laser baqala ekuqaleni kwawo-1960, futhi ngenxa yemvelo yayo ehluke ngokuphelele ekukhanyeni okuvamile, ngokushesha i-laser yasetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene futhi yaba nomthelela omkhulu ekuthuthukisweni nasekuguqulweni kwesayensi, ubuchwepheshe, umnotho kanye nomphakathi.
Ukuzalwa kwe-laser kuye kwashintsha kakhulu ubuso be-optics yasendulo, kwanweba i-classical optical physics ibe yisiyalo esisha sobuchwepheshe obuphezulu esihlanganisa kokubili i-classical optics kanye nezithombe zesimanje, okwenza umnikelo ongenakuthathelwa indawo ekuthuthukisweni komnotho nomphakathi wabantu. Ucwaningo lwe-laser physics lube negalelo ekuchumeni kwamagatsha amabili amakhulu e-photonic physics yesimanje: i-energy photonics kanye ne-photonics yolwazi. Ihlanganisa i-nonlinear optics, i-quantum optics, i-quantum computing, i-laser sensing nokuxhumana, i-laser plasma physics, i-laser chemistry, i-laser biology, imithi ye-laser, i-ultra-precise laser spectroscopy kanye ne-metrology, i-laser atomic physics okuhlanganisa ukupholisa kwe-laser kanye nocwaningo lwendaba olufingqiwe lwe-Bose-Einstein. , izinto ezisetshenziswa nge-laser, ukukhiqizwa kwe-laser, ukwenziwa kwe-laser micro-optoelectronic chip, ukuphrinta kwe-laser 3D kanye nemikhakha engaphezu kuka-20 yemingcele yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zobuchwepheshe. UMnyango wezeSayensi yeLaser Nobuchwepheshe (i-DSL) usungulwe kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo.
Embonini yokukhiqiza i-laser, umhlaba usungene enkathini "yokukhiqiza ukukhanya", ngokwezibalo zemboni ye-laser yamazwe ngamazwe, ama-50% e-GDP yonyaka yase-United States1 ahlobene nokwanda okusheshayo kwemakethe yokusetshenziswa kwe-laser yezinga eliphezulu. Amazwe amaningana athuthukile, amelwe yi-United States, iJalimane kanye ne-Japan, ngokuyisisekelo aqedile ukushintshwa kwezinqubo zendabuko ngokucutshungulwa kwe-laser ezimbonini ezinkulu zokukhiqiza ezifana nezezimoto nezokundiza. I-laser ekukhiqizeni izimboni ibonise amandla amakhulu ezinhlelo zokusebenza zokukhiqiza ezingabizi kakhulu, ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezikhethekile ezingenakufezwa ngokukhiqiza okujwayelekile, futhi isibe umshayeli obalulekile wokuncintisana nokusungula izinto ezintsha phakathi kwamazwe ezimboni amakhulu emhlabeni. Amazwe asekela ngenkuthalo ubuchwepheshe be-laser njengobunye bobuchwepheshe bawo obubaluleke kakhulu obusezingeni eliphezulu futhi athuthukise izinhlelo zikazwelonke zokuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-laser.
(2)I-LaserUmthombo Pi-rinciple
I-laser iyisisetshenziswa esisebenzisa imisebe ejabulile ukukhiqiza ukukhanya okubonakalayo noma okungabonakali, okunesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezithiyo zobuchwepheshe eziphakeme. Isistimu yokubona ngokuyinhloko yakhiwe umthombo wepompo (umthombo wokuvusa), i- gain medium (into esebenzayo) kanye ne-resonant cavity nezinye izinto zedivayisi yokubona. Indawo yokuzuza iwumthombo wokukhiqizwa kwe-photon, futhi ngokumunca amandla akhiqizwa umthombo wephampu, ukuzuza okuphakathi kuyagxuma kusuka kusimo esiphansi kuya esimweni esijabulisayo. Njengoba isimo esijabulisayo singazinzile, ngalesi sikhathi, indawo yokuzuza izokhulula amandla ukuze ibuyele esimweni esizinzile sezwe eliphansi. Kule nqubo yokukhululwa kwamandla, i-resonant medium ikhiqiza ama-photon, futhi lawa ma-photon anezinga eliphezulu lokungaguquguquki emandleni, ubude be-wavelength kanye nesiqondiso, ahlala avela ku-optical resonant cavity, ukunyakaza okuhambisanayo, ukuze akhulise ngokuqhubekayo, futhi ekugcineni. dubula i-laser ngokusebenzisa isibonisi ukuze wenze i-laser beam. Njengohlelo oluwumongo lwemishini ye-laser, ukusebenza kwe-laser kuvame ukunquma ngokuqondile ikhwalithi namandla ogodo oluphumayo lwemishini ye-laser, okuyingxenye eyinhloko yemishini ye-laser yesiphetho.
Umthombo wephampu (umthombo wenjabulo) uhlinzeka ngesasasa lamandla endaweni yokuzuza. I- gain medium ijabulile ukukhiqiza ama-photon ukuze akhiqize futhi akhulise i-laser. I-resonant cavity yindawo lapho izici ze-photon (imvamisa, isigaba kanye nesiqondiso sokusebenza) zilawulwa ukuze kutholwe umthombo wokukhanya ophumayo wekhwalithi ephezulu ngokulawula ama-photon oscillations emgodini. Umthombo wephampu (umthombo wenjabulo) uhlinzeka ngesasasa lamandla endaweni yokuzuza. I- gain medium ijabulile ukukhiqiza ama-photon ukuze akhiqize futhi akhulise i-laser. I-resonant cavity yindawo lapho izici ze-photon (imvamisa, isigaba kanye nesiqondiso sokusebenza) zilungiswa khona ukuze kutholwe umthombo wokukhanya ophumayo wekhwalithi ephezulu ngokulawula ama-photon oscillations emgodini.
(3)Ukuhlukaniswa komthombo we-Laser
Umthombo we-Laser ungahlukaniswa ngokusho kokuthola okuphakathi, ubude be-wavelength, imodi yokusebenza, kanye nemodi yokupompa, kanjena
① Ukuhlelwa nge- gain medium
Ngokusho kwemithombo yezindaba ehlukene, ama-lasers angahlukaniswa abe yisimo esiqinile (okuhlanganisa okuqinile, i-semiconductor, i-fiber, i-hybrid), ama-laser anguketshezi, ama-laser egesi, njll.
| I-LaserUmthomboUhlobo | Thola Imidiya | Izici Eziyinhloko |
| Umthombo we-Solid State Laser | Okuqinile, amaSemiconductors, Fiber Optics, Hybrid | Ukuzinza okuhle, amandla aphezulu, izindleko zokulungisa eziphansi, ezifanele ukwenziwa kwezimboni |
| Umthombo we-Laser Liquid | Uketshezi lwamakhemikhali | Ihithi yobubanzi obungakhethwa, kodwa usayizi omkhulu nezindleko zokulungisa eziphezulu |
| Umthombo we-Gas Laser | Amagesi | Umthombo wokukhanya we-laser wekhwalithi ephezulu, kodwa usayizi omkhulu kanye nezindleko zokulungisa eziphakeme |
| Umthombo wamahhala we-Electron Laser | I-electron beam endaweni ethile kazibuthe | Amandla aphezulu kakhulu kanye nokukhishwa kwe-laser yekhwalithi ephezulu kungafinyelelwa, kodwa ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza nezindleko zokukhiqiza ziphezulu kakhulu |
Ngenxa yokuzinza okuhle, amandla aphezulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokulungisa, ukusetshenziswa kwama-lasers wesifunda esiqinile kuthatha inzuzo ephelele.
Phakathi kwe-solid-state lasers, ama-laser we-semiconductor anezinzuzo zokusebenza kahle kakhulu, usayizi omncane, impilo ende, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi, njll. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, angasetshenziswa ngokuqondile njengomthombo wokukhanya oyinhloko kanye nokusekelwa kokucutshungulwa kwe-laser, ukwelashwa, ukuxhumana, ukuzwela, ukubonisa, ukuqapha kanye nezicelo zokuvikela, futhi sekube yisisekelo esibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe besimanje be-laser obunokubaluleka kokuthuthukiswa kwamasu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-laser we-semiconductor angasetshenziswa futhi njengomthombo wokukhanya wokumpompa kwamanye ama-lasers njengama-solid-state lasers nama-fiber lasers, athuthukisa kakhulu inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe kuyo yonke inkundla ye-laser. Wonke amazwe amakhulu athuthukile emhlabeni ayifakile ezinhlelweni zawo zentuthuko kazwelonke, enikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile nokuthola intuthuko ngokushesha.
② Ngokwendlela yokumpompa
Ama-laser angahlukaniswa abe ama-laser ampontshwa ngogesi, ampontshwa nge-optically, ama-laser ampontshwa ngamakhemikhali, njll. ngokusho kwendlela yokumpompa.
Ama-laser ampontshwa ngogesi abhekisela kumalaser ajatshuliswa amandla amanje, ama-laser egesi ajatshuliswa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwegesi, kuyilapho ama-lasemiconductor lasers ejatshuliswa kakhulu umjovo wamanje.
Cishe wonke ama-laser wesimo esiqinile namalaser awuketshezi angama-laser futha optical, futhi ama-laser we-semiconductor asetshenziswa njengomthombo oyinhloko wokumpompa ama-laser futha optical.
Ama-laser ampontshwa ngamakhemikhali abhekisela kuma-laser asebenzisa amandla akhishwe ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali ukuze ajabulise okokusebenza.
③Ukuhlukaniswa ngemodi yokusebenza
Ama-laser angahlukaniswa abe ama-lasers aqhubekayo kanye nama-laser ashaywayo ngokuya ngemodi yawo yokusebenza.
Ama-laser aqhubekayo anokusabalalisa okuzinzile kwenani lezinhlayiya ezingeni ngalinye lamandla kanye nenkundla yemisebe emgodini, futhi ukusebenza kwawo kubonakala ngokuthakazelisa kwezinto zokusebenza kanye nokuphuma kwe-laser okuhambisanayo ngendlela eqhubekayo isikhathi eside. . Ama-laser aqhubekayo angakhipha ukukhanya kwe-laser ngokuqhubekayo isikhathi eside, kodwa umphumela oshisayo ubonakala kakhudlwana.
Ama-laser ama-pulsed abhekisela kubude besikhathi lapho amandla e-laser egcinwa enanini elithile, kanye nokukhanya kwe-laser okuphumayo ngendlela engaqhubeki, enezici eziyinhloko zomphumela omncane wokushisa kanye nokulawula okuhle.
④ Ukuhlelwa ngobude begagasi obuphumayo
Ama-laser angahlukaniswa ngokuya ngobude beza njengama-lases e-infrared, ama-laser abonakalayo, ama-laser e-ultraviolet, ama-laser e-ultraviolet ajulile, njalonjalo. Ububanzi be-wavelength bokukhanya obungamuncwa izinto ezihlelekile ezihlukene buhlukile, ngakho-ke ama-laser ama-wavelengths ahlukene ayadingeka ukuze kucutshungulwe kahle izinto ezihlukene noma ezimweni ezihlukene zohlelo.Amalaser e-infrared nama-laser we-UV amalaser amabili asetshenziswa kakhulu. Ama-lasers e-infrared asetshenziswa ikakhulukazi "ekucutshungulweni okushisayo", lapho izinto ezingaphezulu kwento zishiswa futhi zihwamuke (evaporated) ukuze zisuse izinto; kufilimu elincanyana okungeyona insimbi, ukusika i-wafer ye-semiconductor, ukusika ingilazi ephilayo, ukubhola, ukumaka nezinye izinkambu, amandla aphezulu Emkhakheni wefilimu elincanyana elingeyona insimbi, ukusika i-semiconductor wafer, ukusika ingilazi ephilayo, ukubhola, ukumaka, njll., ama-photon we-UV amandla aphezulu aphula ngokuqondile izibopho zamangqamuzana ebusweni bezinto ezingezona ezensimbi, ukuze ama-molecule angakwazi ukuhlukaniswa nento, futhi le ndlela ayikhiqizi ukushisa okuphezulu, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi "kubanda. iyacubungula".
Ngenxa yamandla aphezulu ama-photon e-UV, kunzima ukukhiqiza i-laser ye-UV enamandla aphezulu eqhubekayo ngomthombo wangaphandle we-excitation, ngakho-ke i-laser ye-UV ngokuvamile ikhiqizwa ukusetshenziswa kwe-crystal material nonlinear effect frequency conversion conversion, ngakho-ke yamanje isetshenziswa kabanzi. Inkundla yezimboni yama-laser e-UV ikakhulukazi ama-laser e-UV esifunda esiqinile.
(4) Uchungechunge lwezimboni
Ukukhuphuka kochungechunge lwemboni ukusetshenziswa kwempahla eluhlaza ye-semiconductor, okokusebenza okuphezulu kanye nezinsiza zokukhiqiza ezihlobene ukuze kwenziwe ama-laser cores nama-optoelectronic devices, okuyisisekelo semboni ye-laser futhi enomkhawulo ophezulu wokufinyelela. Indawo emaphakathi yochungechunge lwezimboni ukusetshenziswa kwama-laser chips namadivayisi we-optoelectronic akhuphukayo, amamojula, izingxenye ze-optical, njll. njengemithombo yepompo yokukhiqiza nokudayiswa kwama-lasers ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ama-laser aqondile we-semiconductor, ama-laser carbon dioxide, ama-solid state lasers, i-fiber lasers, njll.; imboni engaphansi komfula ibhekisela ezindaweni ezisetshenziswayo zama-lasers ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa imishini yokucubungula yezimboni, i-LIDAR, ukuxhumana okubonakalayo, ubuhle bezokwelapha nezinye izimboni zezicelo.
① Abahlinzeki be-Upstream
Izimpahla zokusetshenziswa zemikhiqizo ekhuphuka nomfula njengama-semiconductor laser chips, amadivaysi namamojula ngokuyinhloko yizinto ezihlukene zama-chip, izinto ze-fiber kanye nezingxenye ezenziwe ngomshini, okuhlanganisa ama-substrates, osinki bokushisa, amakhemikhali namasethi ezindlu. Ukucutshungulwa kwe-chip kudinga ikhwalithi ephezulu nokusebenza kwezisetshenziswa zokusetshenziswa ezikhuphuka nomfula, ikakhulukazi ezivela kubahlinzeki bangaphandle, kodwa izinga lokwenziwa kwasendaweni likhula kancane kancane, futhi kancane kancane lifinyelela ukulawula okuzimele. Ukusebenza kwempahla esetshenziswayo eyinhloko ekhuphuka nomfula kunomthelela oqondile kwikhwalithi yama-semiconductor laser chips, ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kwezinto ezihlukahlukene ze-chip, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo yemboni kudlala indima enhle ekukhangiseni.
②Uchungechunge lwemboni ye-Midstream
I-semiconductor laser chip iwumthombo wokukhanya wephampu oyinhloko wezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamalaser maphakathi nochungechunge lwemboni, futhi idlala indima enhle ekukhuthazeni ukuthuthukiswa kwamalaser aphakathi nendawo. Emkhakheni wama-lasers aphakathi nendawo, i-United States, iJalimane namanye amabhizinisi aphesheya ayabusa, kepha ngemuva kokuthuthuka ngokushesha kwemboni ye-laser yasekhaya eminyakeni yamuva nje, imakethe emaphakathi yochungechunge lwezimboni izuze ukushintshwa ngokushesha kwasekhaya.
③Uchungechunge lwezimboni ezansi nomfula
Imboni esezansi nomfula ineqhaza elikhulu ekukhuthazeni ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni, ngakho ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni engezansi kuzothinta ngqo indawo yemakethe yemboni. Ukukhula okuqhubekayo komnotho waseShayina kanye nokuvela kwamathuba amaqhinga okuguqula umnotho kudale izimo ezingcono zentuthuko zokuthuthukiswa kwale mboni. I-China isuka ezweni elikhiqizayo iya endaweni ekhiqiza amandla okukhiqiza, futhi ama-laser angaphansi komfula kanye nemishini ye-laser kungenye yezihluthulelo zokuthuthukisa imboni yokukhiqiza, ehlinzeka ngendawo enhle yokudingeka kwentuthuko yesikhathi eside yale mboni. Izidingo zemboni ezansi nomfula zenkomba yokusebenza yama-semiconductor laser chips kanye namadivayisi azo ziyanda, futhi amabhizinisi asekhaya angena kancane kancane emakethe ye-laser yamandla aphezulu esuka emakethe ye-laser yamandla aphansi, ngakho-ke imboni kufanele iqhubeke yandise ukutshalwa kwezimali emkhakheni wocwaningo lwezobuchwepheshe. kanye nentuthuko kanye nokuqamba okusha okuzimele.
2. Isimo sokuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-laser semiconductor
Ama-laser we-Semiconductor anokusebenza kahle kakhulu kokuguqula amandla phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zamalaser, ngakolunye uhlangothi, angasetshenziswa njengomthombo wepompo oyinhloko wama-laser optical fibre, ama-solid-state lasers namanye ama-laser pump optical. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe be-laser ye-semiconductor mayelana nokusebenza kahle kwamandla, ukukhanya, impilo yonke, i-wavelength eningi, izinga lokuguquguquka, njll., ama-lases semiconductor asetshenziswa kabanzi ekucubunguleni izinto ezibonakalayo, ezokwelapha, ukuxhumana okubonakalayo, ukuzwa okubonakalayo, ukuzivikela, njll. Ngokusho kwe-Laser Focus World, imali engenayo emhlabeni wonke yama-laser e-diode, okungukuthi, ama-lasemiconductor lasers nama-non-diode lasers, ilinganiselwa ku-$18,480 wezigidi ngo-2021, nama-semiconductor lasers abala u-43% wesamba semali engenayo.
Ngokusho kweLaser Focus World, imakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-laser semiconductor izoba ngu-$6,724 wezigidi ngo-2020, ikhuphuke ngo-14.20% kusukela ngonyaka odlule. Ngokuthuthuka kobuhlakani bomhlaba wonke, isidingo esikhulayo sama-lasers kumadivayisi ahlakaniphile, izinto zikagesi zabathengi, amandla amasha neminye imikhakha, kanye nokwanda okuqhubekayo kwemishini yezokwelapha, yobuhle nezinye izinhlelo ezisafufusa, ama-lases semiconductor angasetshenziswa njengomthombo wephampu. kuma-laser pump optical, futhi usayizi wayo wemakethe uzoqhubeka nokugcina ukukhula okuzinzile. 2021 usayizi wemakethe ye-laser semiconductor yomhlaba wonke wama- $ 7.946 billion, izinga lokukhula kwemakethe ngo-18.18%.
Ngemizamo ehlanganyelwe yochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe kanye namabhizinisi kanye nabasebenzi, imboni ye-semiconductor laser yaseChina izuze intuthuko emangalisayo, ukuze imboni yaseChina ye-semiconductor laser ihlangabezane nenqubo kusukela ekuqaleni, kanye nokuqala kwesibonelo semboni ye-semiconductor laser yaseChina. Eminyakeni yakamuva, i-China iye yandisa ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-laser, futhi izifunda ezihlukahlukene zizinikele ocwaningweni lwesayensi, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimakethe nokwakhiwa kwamapaki ezimboni nge-laser ngaphansi kobuholi bukahulumeni kanye nokubambisana kwamabhizinisi e-laser.
3. Ukuthambekela kwentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo yemboni ye-laser yaseChina
Uma kuqhathaniswa namazwe asethuthukile e-Europe nase-United States, ubuchwepheshe be-laser baseShayina abuphuzi, kodwa ekusetshenzisweni kobuchwepheshe be-laser nobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu lisekhona igebe elikhulu, ikakhulukazi i-upstream semiconductor laser chip nezinye izingxenye ezibalulekile. kuncike ekuthengeni kwamanye amazwe.
Amazwe athuthukile amelwe yi-United States, Germany kanye ne-Japan ngokuyisisekelo aqedile ukushintshwa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuvamile emikhakheni ethile emikhulu yezimboni futhi angena enkathini "yokukhiqiza ukukhanya"; nakuba ukuthuthukiswa kwezicelo ze-laser e-China kushesha, kodwa izinga lokungena kwesicelo lisephansi kakhulu. Njengobuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo bokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, imboni ye-laser izoqhubeka nokuba yindawo ebalulekile yokusekelwa kuzwelonke, futhi iqhubeke nokwandisa ububanzi bokusebenzisa, futhi ekugcineni ikhuthaze imboni yokukhiqiza yaseShayina ifinyelele enkathini "yokukhiqiza ukukhanya". Kusukela esimweni samanje sentuthuko, ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-laser yaseShayina kukhombisa lezi zindlela zokuthuthuka ezilandelayo.
(1) I-semiconductor laser chip nezinye izingxenye eziyinhloko ziyakubona kancane kancane ukwenziwa kwasendaweni
Thatha i-fiber laser njengesibonelo, umthombo wephampu we-laser wamandla aphezulu uyindawo eyinhloko yesicelo se-semiconductor laser, i-high power semiconductor laser chip kanye nemojula iyingxenye ebalulekile ye-fiber laser. Eminyakeni yakamuva, imboni yaseShayina ye-fiber optical fiber isesigabeni sokukhula ngokushesha, futhi izinga lendawo likhula unyaka nonyaka.
Mayelana nokungena emakethe, emakethe ye-laser ye-fiber enamandla aphansi, isabelo semakethe sama-lasers asekhaya sifinyelele ku-99.01% ngo-2019; emakethe ye-laser ye-fiber enamandla amaphakathi, izinga lokungena kwama-lasers asekhaya ligcinwe lingaphezu kwama-50% eminyakeni yamuva nje; inqubo yokwenza kwasendaweni yama-laser we-fiber anamandla aphezulu nayo iqhubekela phambili kancane kancane, kusukela ngo-2013 kuya ku-2019 ukuze kuzuzwe "kusuka ekuqaleni". Inqubo yokwenziwa kwasendaweni kwama-laser e-fiber enamandla kakhulu nayo iya ngokuya iqhubekela phambili, kusukela ngo-2013 kuya kowezi-2019, futhi isifinyelele izinga lokungena lika-55.56%, futhi izinga lokungena lasekhaya lama-laser anamandla amakhulu kulindeleke ukuthi libe ngu-57.58% ngo-2020.
Kodwa-ke, izingxenye eziyinhloko ezifana nama-chips laser semiconductor lamandla aphezulu zisancike ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe, futhi izingxenye ezikhuphukayo zamalaser anama-laser semiconductor chips njengoba umgogodla wenziwa ngokwendawo kancane kancane, ngakolunye uhlangothi okuthuthukisa isikali semakethe sezingxenye ezikhuphuka nomfula. ama-laser asekhaya, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokwenziwa kwasendaweni kwezingxenye eziwumgogodla okhuphuka nomfula, ingathuthukisa ikhono labakhiqizi be-laser basekhaya lokubamba iqhaza emqhudelwaneni wamazwe ngamazwe.
(2) Izinhlelo ze-laser zingena ngokushesha nangokubanzi
Ngokwenziwa kwasendaweni kancane kancane kwezingxenye ze-optoelectronic eziwumgogodla okhuphuka nomfula kanye nokwehla kancane kancane kwezindleko zokusetshenziswa kwe-laser, ama-laser azongena ajule kakhulu ezimbonini eziningi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, eShayina, ukucutshungulwa kwe-laser nakho kufanelana nezindawo eziyishumi eziphezulu zokusetshenziswa kwemboni yokukhiqiza yaseShayina, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi izindawo zokusetshenziswa kwe-laser ziphinde zandiswe futhi isikali semakethe sizokwandiswa ngokuzayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokuduma okuqhubekayo nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obufana nokungashayeli, uhlelo lokushayela okusizwa okuthuthukile, irobhothi eligxile kusevisi, ukuzwa kwe-3D, njll., kuzosetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni eminingi efana nezimoto, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, ugesi wabathengi. , ukuqashelwa kobuso, ukuxhumana nge-optical kanye nocwaningo lwezokuvikela lukazwelonke. Njengedivayisi ewumongo noma ingxenye yezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-laser ezingenhla, i-semiconductor laser nayo izothola indawo yokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo.
(3) Amandla aphezulu, ikhwalithi engcono ye-beam, ubude begagasi obufushane kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesikhombisi-ndlela esisheshayo
Emkhakheni wama-lasers wezimboni, ama-fiber lasers enze inqubekelaphambili enkulu mayelana namandla okukhiphayo, ikhwalithi ye-beam nokukhanya selokhu asungulwa. Kodwa-ke, amandla aphezulu angathuthukisa isivinini sokucubungula, athuthukise ikhwalithi yokucubungula, futhi andise inkambu yokucubungula ekukhiqizeni imboni esindayo, ekukhiqizeni izimoto, ukukhiqizwa kwe-aerospace, amandla, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, i-metallurgy, ukwakhiwa kokuthutha ujantshi, ucwaningo lwesayensi kanye neminye imikhakha yesicelo ekusikeni. , i-welding, ukwelashwa kwendawo, njll., izidingo zamandla we-fiber laser ziyaqhubeka nokwanda. Abakhiqizi bedivaysi ehambisanayo badinga ukuqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwemishini ewumongo (njenge-high-power semiconductor laser chip kanye ne-fiber fiber), ukukhushulwa kwamandla e-fiber laser nakho kudinga ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokuguquguquka kwe-laser obufana nokuhlanganisa i-beam kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamandla, okuzoletha izidingo ezintsha. kanye nezinselele kubakhiqizi be-laser semiconductor abanamandla aphezulu. Ukwengeza, amaza amaza amafushane, amaza amaza amaningi, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-laser okusheshayo (i-ultrafast) nakho kuyisiqondiso esibalulekile, ikakhulukazi esisetshenziswa kuma-chips wesifunda ahlanganisiwe, imibukiso, i-electronics yabathengi, i-aerospace nokunye ukunemba kwe-microprocessing, kanye nesayensi yezempilo, yezokwelapha, yokuzwa nokunye. emasimini, i-semiconductor laser chip nayo ibeka phambili izidingo ezintsha.
(4) yamandla aphezulu we-laser optoelectronic components isidingo sokukhula okwengeziwe
Ukuthuthukiswa nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-laser ye-fiber enamandla amakhulu kuwumphumela wenqubekelaphambili ye-synergistic yochungechunge lwemboni, oludinga ukusekelwa kwezingxenye eziyinhloko ze-optoelectronic ezifana nomthombo wepompo, i-isolator, i-beam concentrator, njll. Izingxenye ze-optoelectronic ezisetshenziswa kumandla aphezulu. i-fiber laser iyisisekelo nezingxenye ezibalulekile zokuthuthuka nokukhiqizwa kwayo, futhi imakethe ekhulayo ye-fiber laser enamandla kakhulu iphinde iqhubekisele phambili isidingo semakethe sezingxenye ezibalulekile ezifana nama-chips laser semiconductor laser. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe be-laser ye-fiber yasekhaya, ukushintshwa kokungenisa kwamanye amazwe sekuphenduke inkambiso engenakugwenywa, isabelo semakethe ye-laser emhlabeni sizoqhubeka sithuthuka, okuletha namathuba amakhulu amandla endawo abakhiqizi bezingxenye ze-optoelectronic.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-07-2023
