Ukwakheka kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemigodi yokhiye:
Incazelo yembobo yokhiye: Uma ukukhanya kwemisebe kungaphezu kuka-10 ^ 6W/cm ^ 2, ubuso bezinto buyancibilika futhi buphele ngaphansi kwesenzo se-laser. Uma ijubane lokuhwamuka likhulu ngokwanele, ingcindezi yokubuyela emuva komhwamuko ekhiqizwayo yanele ukunqoba ukucindezelwa kobuso kanye nokudonsa okumanzi kwensimbi ewuketshezi, ngaleyo ndlela kususwe enye yensimbi ewuketshezi, okubangela ukuthi ichibi elincibilikisiwe endaweni yokuvuselela licwile futhi lakhe imigodi emincane; Ukukhanya kusebenza ngqo phansi komgodi omncane, okubangela ukuthi insimbi incibilike futhi ikhiphe igesi. Umfutho ophezulu womusi uyaqhubeka nokuphoqa insimbi ewuketshezi phansi komgodi ukuthi igeleze iye emngceleni wechibi elincibilikisiwe, okwenza imbobo encane ijule kakhulu. Le nqubo iyaqhubeka, ekugcineni yakhe imbobo efana nembobo yokhiye ensimbini ewuketshezi. Lapho ingcindezi yomhwamuko wensimbi ekhiqizwa umhwamuko we-laser emgodini omncane ifinyelela ukulingana nokucindezelwa kobuso kanye nokudonsa okumanzi kwensimbi ewuketshezi, imbobo encane ayisajuli futhi yakhe imbobo encane ezinzile ngokujula, ebizwa ngokuthi "umphumela wembobo encane".
Njengoba umsebe we-laser uhamba uma kuqhathaniswa nomsebenzi, umgodi omncane ubonisa ingaphambili eligobile kancane emuva kanye nonxantathu ogobile ocacile ngemuva. Umngcele ongaphambili womgodi omncane yindawo yesenzo se-laser, enokushisa okuphezulu kanye nomfutho ophezulu womusi, kuyilapho izinga lokushisa eceleni komngcele ongemuva liphansi kakhulu kanti umfutho womusi mncane. Ngaphansi kwalo mehluko wokucindezela kanye nokushisa, uketshezi oluncibilikisiwe lugeleza luzungeze umgodi omncane kusukela ekugcineni kwangaphambili kuya ekugcineni kwangemuva, lwakha i-vortex ekugcineni kwangemuva komgodi omncane, futhi ekugcineni luqina onqenqemeni lwangemuva. Isimo esiguquguqukayo sembobo yokhiye esitholwe ngokulingiswa kwe-laser kanye nokushisela kwangempela kuboniswa esithombeni esingenhla, Ukwakheka kwembobo encane kanye nokugeleza koketshezi oluncibilikisiwe oluzungezile ngesikhathi sokuhamba ngesivinini esihlukene.
Ngenxa yokuba khona kwezimbobo ezincane, amandla ogongolo lwe-laser angena ngaphakathi kwezinto, akha lo mthungo wokuwelda ojulile nomncane. Ukwakheka okuvamile kwesigaba esinqamulayo somthungo wokuwelda ojulile we-laser kuboniswe esithombeni esingenhla. Ukujula kokungena komthungo wokuwelda kuseduze nokujula kwembobo yokhiye (uma sikhuluma iqiniso, ungqimba lwe-metallographic lujule ngama-60-100um kunembobo yokhiye, ungqimba olulodwa olungaphansi koketshezi). Uma ubukhulu bamandla e-laser buphakeme, kujula imbobo encane, futhi kujula kokungena komthungo wokuwelda kukhulu. Ekuwelding kwe-laser enamandla aphezulu, isilinganiso sokujula nobubanzi bomthungo wokuwelda singafinyelela ku-12:1.
Ukuhlaziywa kokumuncwa kweamandla e-laserngomgodi wokhiye
Ngaphambi kokwakheka kwezimbobo ezincane kanye ne-plasma, amandla e-laser adluliselwa kakhulu ngaphakathi kwe-workpiece ngokusebenzisa i-thermal conduction. Inqubo yokushisela ingeye-conductive welding (enobubanzi bokungena obungaphansi kuka-0.5mm), futhi izinga lokumuncwa kwezinto ze-laser liphakathi kuka-25-45%. Uma i-keyhole seyakhiwe, amandla e-laser amuncwa kakhulu yi-interior ye-workpiece ngomphumela we-keyhole, futhi inqubo yokushisela iba yi-deep penetration welding (enobubanzi bokungena obungaphezu kuka-0.5mm), Izinga lokumuncwa lingafinyelela ngaphezu kuka-60-90%.
Umphumela we-keyhole udlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukumuncwa kwe-laser ngesikhathi sokucubungula njengokushisela nge-laser, ukusika, kanye nokubhoboza. Ugongolo lwe-laser olungena e-keyhole lucishe lumuncwe ngokuphelele ngokukhanya okuningi okuvela odongeni lwe-hole.
Ngokuvamile kukholelwa ukuthi indlela yokumunca amandla ye-laser ngaphakathi kwe-keyhole ihlanganisa izinqubo ezimbili: ukumunca okuphambene kanye nokumunca kwe-Fresnel.
Ibhalansi yokucindezela ngaphakathi kwembobo yokhiye
Ngesikhathi sokushisela okujulile kwe-laser, izinto zidlula ekushiseni okukhulu, kanti ingcindezi yokwanda ekhiqizwa umusi oshisayo oshisayo ikhipha insimbi ewuketshezi, yakha imigodi emincane. Ngaphezu kwengcindezi yomhwamuko kanye nengcindezi yokukhipha (eyaziwa nangokuthi amandla okusabela kokuhwamuka noma ingcindezi yokubuyisela emuva) kwezinto, kukhona nokucindezeleka kobuso, ingcindezi yoketshezi engaguquki ebangelwa amandla adonsela phansi, kanye nengcindezi enamandla yoketshezi ekhiqizwa ukugeleza kwezinto ezincibilikisiwe ngaphakathi kwembobo encane. Phakathi kwalezi zingcindezi, ingcindezi yomhwamuko kuphela egcina ukuvuleka kwembobo encane, kuyilapho amanye amandla amathathu elwela ukuvala imbobo encane. Ukuze kugcinwe ukuzinza kwembobo yokhiye ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela, ingcindezi yomhwamuko kumele yanele ukunqoba okunye ukumelana nokufinyelela ukulingana, kugcinwe ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside kwembobo yokhiye. Ukuze kube lula, ngokuvamile kukholelwa ukuthi amandla asebenza odongeni lwembobo yokhiye ikakhulukazi ingcindezi yokukhipha (ingcindezi yokubuyisela emuva komhwamuko wensimbi) kanye nokucindezeleka kobuso.
Ukungazinzi kwe-Keyhole
Ingemuva: I-laser isebenza ebusweni bezinto zokwakha, okubangela ukuba inani elikhulu lensimbi liphele. Ingcindezi yokubuyela emuva icindezela phansi echibini elincibilikisiwe, yakha imigodi yokhiye kanye ne-plasma, okuholela ekwandeni kokujula kokuncibilika. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhamba, i-laser ishaya odongeni lwangaphambili lwembobo yokhiye, futhi indawo lapho i-laser ithinta khona izinto kuzobangela ukuhwamuka okukhulu kwezinto zokwakha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, udonga lwembobo yokhiye luzobhekana nokulahlekelwa okukhulu, futhi ukuhwamuka kuzokwakha ingcindezi yokubuyela emuva ezocindezela phansi insimbi ewuketshezi, okubangela ukuthi udonga lwangaphakathi lwembobo yokhiye luguquke phansi futhi luzungeze phansi kwembobo yokhiye luye ngemuva kwechibi elincibilikisiwe. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwechibi elincibilikisiwe eliwuketshezi kusukela odongeni lwangaphambili kuya odongeni lwangemuva, ivolumu ngaphakathi kwembobo yokhiye iyashintsha njalo. Ingcindezi yangaphakathi yembobo yokhiye nayo iyashintsha ngokufanele, okuholela ekushintsheni kwevolumu ye-plasma efuthwe ngaphandle. Ushintsho kuvolumu ye-plasma luholela ekushintsheni ekuvikeleni, ekushintsheni, nasekumuncweni kwamandla e-laser, okuholela ekushintsheni kwamandla e-laser afinyelela ebusweni bezinto zokwakha. Yonke inqubo iyashintshashintsha futhi iyaphikelela, ekugcineni iholela ekungeneni kwensimbi okumise okwe-sawtooth nokunamagagasi, futhi akukho ukushintshwa okubushelelezi okulingana kokungena, Lesi sithombe esingenhla siwumbono ophakathi nendawo yokushintshwa otholakala ngokusika okude okuhambisana nendawo ephakathi yokushintshwa, kanye nokulinganisa kwesikhathi sangempela kokwehluka kokujula kwe-keyhole ngeI-IPG-LDD njengobufakazi.
Thuthukisa ukuzinza kwe-keyhole
Ngesikhathi sokushisela okujulile kwe-laser, ukuzinza kwembobo encane kungaqinisekiswa kuphela ngokulinganisela okuguquguqukayo kwezingcindezi ezahlukahlukene ngaphakathi kwembobo. Kodwa-ke, ukumuncwa kwamandla e-laser ngodonga lwembobo kanye nokuhwamuka kwezinto, ukukhishwa komhwamuko wensimbi ngaphandle kwembobo encane, kanye nokunyakaza phambili kwembobo encane kanye nechibi elincibilikisiwe konke kuyizinqubo eziqinile kakhulu nezisheshayo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zenqubo, ngezikhathi ezithile ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuzinza kwembobo encane kungaphazanyiswa ezindaweni zasendaweni, okuholela ezifweni zokushisela. Ezivamile nezivamile kakhulu yiziphazamiso ezincane ze-pore type kanye nokuchitheka okubangelwa ukubhidlika kwembobo yokhiye;
Ngakho-ke ungayiqinisa kanjani imbobo yokhiye?
Ukuguquguquka koketshezi lwe-keyhole kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi kuhilela izici eziningi kakhulu (insimu yokushisa, insimu yokugeleza, insimu yamandla, i-optoelectronic physics), okungafingqwa kalula ngezigaba ezimbili: ubudlelwano phakathi kokucindezelwa kobuso kanye nokucindezela kokuphindisela komusi wensimbi; Ukucindezela kokuphindisela komusi wensimbi kusebenza ngqo ekwakhiweni kwemigodi yokhiye, okuhlobene kakhulu nokujula kanye nomthamo wemigodi yokhiye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, njengento eyodwa kuphela ehamba phezulu yomsi wensimbi enkambisweni yokushisela, ihlobene kakhulu nokwenzeka kokuchitheka; Ukucindezelwa kobuso kuthinta ukugeleza kwechibi elincibilikisiwe;
Ngakho-ke inqubo yokushisela nge-laser eqinile incike ekugcineni i-gradient yokusatshalaliswa kokucindezeleka kobuso echibini elincibilikisiwe, ngaphandle kokuguquguquka okukhulu. Ukucindezeleka kobuso kuhlobene nokusatshalaliswa kwezinga lokushisa, kanti ukusatshalaliswa kwezinga lokushisa kuhlobene nomthombo wokushisa. Ngakho-ke, umthombo wokushisa ohlanganisiwe kanye nokushisela okujiyile kuyizinkomba zobuchwepheshe ezingaba khona zenqubo yokushisela ezinzile;
Umhwamuko wensimbi kanye nomthamo we-keyhole kudingeka kunake umphumela we-plasma kanye nosayizi wokuvulwa kwe-keyhole. Uma ukuvulwa kukhulu, i-keyhole inkulu, kanye nokuguquguquka okuncane endaweni engezansi yechibi lokuncibilika, okunomthelela omncane kakhulu kuvolumu ye-keyhole iyonke kanye noshintsho lwengcindezi yangaphakathi; Ngakho-ke i-laser yemodi yendandatho elungisekayo (indawo ye-annular), i-laser arc recombination, i-frequency modulation, njll. konke kuyizinkomba ezingandiswa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-01-2023
