1. Izibonelo zohlelo lokusebenza
1) Ibhodi lokuhlanganisa
Ngawo-1960, i-Toyota Motor Company yaqala yamukela ubuchwepheshe obungenalutho obuthungiwe. Iwukuxhuma amashidi amabili noma ngaphezulu ndawonye ngokushisela bese uwagxiviza. Lawa mashidi angaba nogqinsi oluhlukene, izinto zokwakha, kanye nezakhiwo. Ngenxa yezidingo ezikhulayo ezikhulayo zokusebenza kwemoto nemisebenzi efana nokonga amandla, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, ukuphepha kokushayela, njll., ubuchwepheshe bokushisela umthungi buye badonsa ukunakwa okwengeziwe. I-Plate welding ingasebenzisa i-spot welding, i-flash butt welding,laser welding, i-hydrogen arc welding, njll. Njengamanje,laser weldingisetshenziswa kakhulu ocwaningweni lwangaphandle kanye nasekukhiqizweni kwezikhala ezishiselwe umthungi.
Ngokuqhathanisa imiphumela yokuhlola nokubala, imiphumela ivumelana kahle, iqinisekisa ukufaneleka kwemodeli yomthombo wokushisa. Ububanzi bomthungo we-weld ngaphansi kwemingcele yenqubo ehlukene bubalwa futhi bathuthukiswa kancane kancane. Ekugcineni, isilinganiso samandla e-beam sika-2: 1 samukelwa, imishayo ephindwe kabili yahlelwa ngokufana, induku enkulu yamandla yayitholakala enkabeni ye-weld seam, futhi induku encane yamandla yayitholakala epuleti eliwugqinsi. Inganciphisa ngempumelelo ububanzi be-weld. Lapho imishayo emibili ingama-degree angama-45 ukusuka komunye nomunye. Lapho ihlelwa, ugongolo lusebenza epuletini eliwugqinsi kanye nepuleti elincanyana ngokulandelana. Ngenxa yokwehliswa kwe-diameter ye-weld yokushisa ephumelelayo, ububanzi be-weld bubuye bunciphe.
2) Insimbi ye-Aluminium izinsimbi ezingafani
Ucwaningo lwamanje lufinyelela iziphetho ezilandelayo: (1) Njengoba isilinganiso samandla ensimbi sikhula, ukujiya kwenhlanganisela ye-intermetallic endaweni efanayo ye-weld/aluminium alloy interface kuncipha kancane kancane, futhi ukusatshalaliswa kuba njalo. Uma i-RS=2, ukujiya kwesendlalelo se-IMC esibonakalayo siphakathi kwama-microns angu-5-10. Ubude obukhulu be-IMC “efana nenaliti” yamahhala buphakathi kwama-microns angama-23. Uma i-RS=0.67, ukujiya kwesendlalelo se-IMC esibonakalayo singaphansi kwama-microns angu-5, futhi ubude obukhulu be-IMC “efana nenaliti” yamahhala bungama-microns angu-5.6. Ubukhulu benhlanganisela ye-intermetallic buyancipha kakhulu.
(2)Uma i-parallel dual-beam laser isetshenziselwa ukushisela, i-IMC kusixhumi esibonakalayo se-weld/aluminium alloy iba nokungajwayelekile. Ugqinsi lwesendlalelo se-IMC kusixhumi esibonakalayo se-weld/aluminium alloy eduze nesixhumi esibonakalayo esihlanganyelwe sensimbi/i-aluminium ingxubevange bukhulu kakhulu, nobukhulu obukhulu bungama-microns angu-23.7. . Njengoba isilinganiso samandla ensimbi sikhula, lapho i-RS=1.50, ukujiya kongqimba lwe-IMC kusixhumi esibonakalayo se-weld/aluminium ingxubevange kusekukhulu kunogqinsi lwenhlanganisela ye-intermetallic endaweni efanayo ye-serial dual beam.
3. Ingxube ye-Aluminium-lithium emise okwe-T
Mayelana nezakhiwo zemishini zamajoyinti ashiselwe nge-laser we-2A97 aluminium alloy, abacwaningi bafunde ubulukhuni obuncane, izakhiwo eziqinile kanye nezakhiwo zokukhathala. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ikhombisa ukuthi: indawo yokushisela yejoyinti elishiselwe ngelaser ye-aluminium alloy engu-2A97-T3/T4 ithambe kakhulu. I-coefficient icishe ibe ngu-0.6, ehlobene kakhulu nokuqedwa kanye nobunzima obulandelayo emvula yesigaba sokuqinisa; i-coefficient yamandla ye-2A97-T4 aluminium alloy joint eshiselwe i-IPGYLR-6000 fiber laser ingafinyelela ku-0.8, kodwa ipulasitiki iphansi, kuyilapho i-IPGYLS-4000 fiberlaser weldingI-coefficient yamandla ye-laser welded 2A97-T3 aluminium alloy joints imayelana no-0.6; ukukhubazeka kwe-pore kuwumsuka wokuqhekeka kokukhathala ku-2A97-T3 aluminium alloy laser alloy joints.
Kumodi yokuvumelanisa, ngokuya nge-crystal morphologies ehlukene, i-FZ ikakhulukazi yakhiwe amakristalu ekholomu namakristalu alinganayo. Amakristalu ekholomu anomumo wokukhula we-epitaxial EQZ, futhi izikhombisi-ndlela zawo zokukhula zincikene nomugqa wokuhlanganisa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ingaphezulu lezinhlamvu ze-EQZ ziyizinhlayiya ze-nucleation esezilungile, futhi ukuchithwa kokushisa kule ndlela kuyashesha kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, i-axis ye-crystallographic eyinhloko yomugqa wokuhlanganisa oqondile ikhula ngokuncanyelwayo futhi izinhlangothi zikhawulelwe. Njengoba amakristalu ekholomu ekhula ebheke enkabeni ye-weld, izinguquko ze-structural morphology kanye nama-columnar dendrites akhiwa. Maphakathi nendawo yokushisela, izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe liphezulu, izinga lokushabalalisa ukushisa liyafana kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, futhi izinhlamvu zikhula ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, zakha ama-dendrite alinganayo. Uma i-axis ye-crystallographic eyinhloko yama-dendrites alinganayo ihambisana ncamashi nendiza yesifanekiso, izinhlamvu ezisobala ezifana nembali zingabonwa esigabeni se-metallographic. Ukwengeza, okuthintwa ukupholisa okukhulu kwezingxenye zasendaweni endaweni yokushisela, amabhande anohlamvu olulinganayo olulinganayo ngokuvamile avela endaweni yomthungo ehlanganisiwe yemodi ehambisanayo enomumo ongu-T ehlangene, futhi i-morphology yokusanhlamvu ebhandeni elilinganayo lezinhlamvu ezinhle zehlukile i-morphology yezinhlamvu ze-EQZ. Ukubukeka okufanayo. Ngenxa yokuthi inqubo yokushisisa yemodi ehlukahlukene ye-TSTB-LW ihlukile kuleyo yemodi yokuvumelanisa i-TSTB-LW, kunomehluko osobala ku-macromorphology kanye ne-microstructure morphology. Imodi ehlukile ehlanganyelwe emise okwe-TSTB-LW T ihlangabezane nemijikelezo emibili yokushisa, ebonisa izici zechibi elincibilikisiwe eliphindwe kabili. Kukhona umugqa wesibili wokuhlanganisa osobala ngaphakathi kwe-weld, futhi ichibi elincibilikisiwe elakhiwe yi-thermal conduction welding lincane. Kwinqubo ye-TSTB-LW yemodi ye-heterogeneous, i-weld yokungena ejulile ithintwa inqubo yokushisa ye-thermal conduction welding. I-columnar dendrites kanye ne-equiaxed dendrites eduze komugqa we-fusion yesibili inemingcele embalwa ye-subgrain futhi iguqule ibe amakristalu e-columnar noma amaselula, okubonisa ukuthi Inqubo yokushisa ye-thermal conductivity welding inomphumela wokwelapha ukushisa ekushiseni okujulile kokungena. Futhi usayizi wokusanhlamvu wama-dendrites phakathi nendawo ye-weld conductive thermally yi-2-5 microns, encane kakhulu kunosayizi wokusanhlamvu wama-dendrites phakathi nendawo ye-weld yokungena ejulile (5-10 microns). Lokhu ikakhulukazi kuhlobene nokushisa okuphezulu kwama-welds ezinhlangothini zombili. Izinga lokushisa lihlobene nesilinganiso sokupholisa esilandelayo.
3) Isimiso se-double-beam laser powder cladding welding
4)Amandla ahlangene e-solder aphezulu
Ocwaningweni lwe-double-beam laser powder deposition welding, njengoba imishayo emibili ye-laser isatshalaliswa ngapha nangapha ezinhlangothini zombili zocingo lwebhuloho, ububanzi be-laser kanye ne-substrate bukhulu kunalelo le-single-beam laser powder deposition welding, futhi amajoyinti e-solder aphumayo ame mpo ocingweni lwebhuloho. Isiqondiso sezintambo side kakhulu. Umfanekiso 3.6 ubonisa amalunga e-solder atholwe nge-single-beam kanye ne-double-beam laser powder deposition welding. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-double-beamlaser weldingindlela noma ugongolo olulodwalaser weldingindlela, kwakhiwa ichibi elithile elincibilikisiwe phezu impahla base ngokusebenzisa ukushisa conduction. Ngale ndlela, isisekelo esincibilikisiwe sensimbi yensimbi echibini elincibilikisiwe singakha isibopho se-metallurgical ne-melten self-fluxing alloy powder, ngaleyo ndlela kuzuzwe ukushisela. Uma usebenzisa i-laser enezinsimbi ezimbili ukushisela, ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-laser beam nezinto eziyisisekelo wukusebenzelana phakathi kwezindawo zesenzo zemishayo ye-laser emibili, okungukuthi, ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamachibi amabili ancibilikisiwe akhiwe yi-laser ezintweni ezibonakalayo. . Ngale ndlela, ukuhlangana okusha okuvelayo Indawo inkulu kunaleyo ye-single-beamlaser welding, ngakho amalunga e-solder atholwe nge-double-beamlaser weldingzinamandla kune-single-beamlaser welding.
2. I-solderability ephezulu kanye nokuphindaphinda
Ku-single-beamlaser weldingukuhlola, njengoba indawo ephakathi nendawo ye-laser isebenza ngokuqondile ocingweni lwebhuloho elincane, intambo yebhuloho inezidingo eziphakeme kakhululaser weldingamapharamitha wenqubo, njengokusatshalaliswa kwe-laser energy density engalingani kanye nobukhulu obungalingani be-alloy powder. Lokhu kuzoholela ekuqhekekeni kocingo ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela futhi kubangele ngokuqondile ukuthi ucingo lwebhuloho luhwamuke. Ngendlela ye-laser welding ephindwe kabili, njengoba izikhungo ezigxilile zemishayo emibili ye-laser azisebenzi ngqo ezintambo ezincane zebhuloho, izidingo eziqinile zemingcele yenqubo ye-laser welding yezintambo zebhuloho ziyancishiswa, kanye nokushisela kanye nokushisela. ukuphindaphinda kuthuthukiswa kakhulu. .
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-17-2023
