1. Izibonelo zokusetshenziswa
1） Ibhodi lokuhlanganisa
Ngawo-1960, iToyota Motor Company yaqala ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obungenalutho obufakwe ngokwezifiso. Ukuhlanganisa amashidi amabili noma ngaphezulu ngokuwafaka izitembu bese uwafaka izitembu. Lawa mashidi angaba nobukhulu obuhlukene, izinto zokwakha, kanye nezakhiwo. Ngenxa yezidingo eziphakeme zokusebenza kwezimoto kanye nemisebenzi efana nokonga amandla, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, ukuphepha kokushayela, njll., ubuchwepheshe bokushisela ngokwezifiso buye badonsela ukunaka okwengeziwe. Ukushisela amapuleti kungasebenzisa ukushisela okuqondile, ukushisela okukhanyayo,ukushisela nge-laser, ukushisela i-hydrogen arc, njll. Njengamanje,ukushisela nge-laserisetshenziswa kakhulu ocwaningweni lwakwamanye amazwe kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezikhala ezifakwe ngokwezifiso.
Ngokuqhathanisa imiphumela yokuhlola nokubala, imiphumela iyavumelana kahle, okuqinisekisa ukunemba kwemodeli yomthombo wokushisa. Ububanzi bomthungo wokushisela ngaphansi kwamapharamitha enqubo ahlukene babalwe futhi bathuthukiswa kancane kancane. Ekugcineni, isilinganiso samandla ogongolo esingu-2:1 samukelwa, imisebe ephindwe kabili yahlelwa ngokulingana, umthungo omkhulu wamandla wawusenkabeni yomthungo wokushisela, kanti umthungo omncane wamandla wawusepuletini elijiyile. Kunganciphisa ngempumelelo ububanzi bomthungo. Lapho imisebe emibili ingama-degree angu-45 ukusuka komunye nomunye. Uma ihlelwe, umthungo usebenza epuletini elijiyile kanye nasepuletini elincanyana ngokulandelana. Ngenxa yokunciphisa ububanzi bomthungo wokushisisa obusebenzayo, ububanzi bomthungo nabo buyehla.
2） Insimbi ye-aluminium engafani nezinsimbi
Ucwaningo lwamanje lufinyelela eziphethweni ezilandelayo: (1) Njengoba isilinganiso samandla okukhanya sikhula, ubukhulu be-compound ye-intermetallic endaweni efanayo ye-weld/aluminium alloy interface buyancipha kancane kancane, futhi ukusatshalaliswa kuba njalo. Uma i-RS=2, ubukhulu be-interface IMC layer buphakathi kwama-microns angu-5-10. Ubude obukhulu be-IMC "efana nenaliti" yamahhala buphakathi kwama-microns angu-23. Uma i-RS=0.67, ubukhulu be-interface IMC layer bungaphansi kwama-microns angu-5, kanti ubude obukhulu be-IMC "efana nenaliti" yamahhala bungama-microns angu-5.6. Ubukhulu be-intermetallic layer buncishiswe kakhulu.
(2)Uma kusetshenziswa i-laser ye-parallel dual-beam ukushisela, i-IMC esibonakalayo se-weld/aluminum alloy ayijwayelekile. Ubukhulu besendlalelo se-IMC esibonakalayo se-weld/aluminum alloy eduze kwesibonisi se-steel/aluminum alloy joint bukhulu, bunobukhulu obukhulu obungama-microns angu-23.7. Njengoba isilinganiso samandla e-beam sanda, lapho i-RS=1.50, ubukhulu besendlalelo se-IMC esibonakalayo se-weld/aluminum alloy busebukhulu kunobukhulu be-intermetallic compound endaweni efanayo ye-serial dual beam.
3. I-aluminium-lithium alloy ijoyinti elinomumo we-T
Ngokuphathelene nezakhiwo zomshini zamajoyinti ahlanganisiwe e-2A97 aluminium alloy, abacwaningi bafunde ubulukhuni obuncane, izakhiwo zokudonsa kanye nezakhiwo zokukhathala. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ikhombisa ukuthi: indawo yokushisela yejoyinti elihlanganisiwe le-2A97-T3/T4 aluminium alloy ithambile kakhulu. I-coefficient icishe ibe ngu-0.6, okuhlobene kakhulu nokuncibilika kanye nobunzima obulandelayo ekuniseni kwesigaba sokuqinisa; i-coefficient yamandla yejoyinti le-2A97-T4 aluminium alloy elihlanganisiwe yi-IPGYLR-6000 fiber laser ingafinyelela ku-0.8, kodwa i-plasticity iphansi, kuyilapho i-IPGYLS-4000 fiberukushisela nge-laserIsilinganiso samandla samalunga e-aluminium alloy e-2A97-T3 ahlanganisiwe nge-laser sicishe sibe ngu-0.6; amaphutha embotsheni angumsuka wokuqhekeka kokukhathala emalungeni e-aluminium alloy e-2A97-T3 ahlanganisiwe nge-laser.
Kwimodi yokuvumelanisa, ngokwezinhlobo ezahlukene zekristalu, i-FZ yakhiwe kakhulu ngamakristalu ekholomu namakristalu alinganayo. Amakristalu ekholomu anombono wokukhula we-epitaxial EQZ, futhi izikhombisi-ndlela zawo zokukhula ziqonde ngqo emgqeni wokuhlanganisa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ubuso benhlamvu ye-EQZ buyinhlayiya ye-nucleation eyenziwe ngomumo, futhi ukushabalaliswa kokushisa kulolu hlangothi kushesha kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, i-axis eyinhloko yekristalu yomugqa wokuhlanganisa oqondile ikhula ngokukhethekile futhi izinhlangothi zinqunyelwe. Njengoba amakristalu ekholomu ekhula ebheke enkabeni ye-weld, i-structural morphology iyashintsha futhi kwakheka ama-dendrite ekholomu. Enkabeni ye-weld, izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe liphezulu, izinga lokushabalaliswa kokushisa liyafana kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, futhi izinhlamvu zikhula ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, zakha ama-dendrite alinganayo. Lapho i-axis eyinhloko yekristalu yama-dendrite alinganayo ifana ncamashi nendiza yesampula, izinhlamvu ezisobala ezifana nezimbali zingabonakala esigabeni se-metallographic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ethintwa ukupholisa kakhulu kwezingxenye zendawo endaweni yokushisela, amabhande amahle alinganayo avame ukuvela endaweni yomthungo ohlanganisiwe we-synchronous mode-shaped T-joint, kanti i-grain morphology ku-equixed fine-grained band ihlukile ku-grain morphology ye-EQZ. Ukubukeka okufanayo. Ngenxa yokuthi inqubo yokushisa ye-heterogeneous mode TSTB-LW ihlukile kuleyo ye-synchronous mode TSTB-LW, kunomehluko osobala ku-macromorphology kanye ne-microstructure morphology. I-heterogeneous mode TSTB-LW T-shaped joint ibhekane nemijikelezo emibili yokushisa, ekhombisa izici ze-double boil melted pool. Kukhona umugqa wesibili ocacile ngaphakathi kwe-weld, futhi ichibi elincibilikisiwe elenziwe yi-thermal conduction welding lincane. Enqubweni ye-heterogeneous mode TSTB-LW, i-deep penetration weld ithintwa yi-heat process ye-thermal conduction welding. Ama-dendrite e-columnar kanye nama-dendrite alinganayo aseduze nomugqa wesibili wokuhlanganisa anemingcele embalwa ye-subgrain futhi aguquka abe amakristalu e-columnar noma eselula, okubonisa ukuthi Inqubo yokushisa yokushisela i-thermal conductivity inomthelela wokwelashwa kokushisa kuma-welds okungena ngokujulile. Futhi usayizi wezinhlamvu zama-dendrite maphakathi ne-weld eqhuba ukushisa ungama-microns angu-2-5, okuyinto encane kakhulu kunosayizi wezinhlamvu zama-dendrite maphakathi ne-weld engaphakathi ngokujulile (ama-microns angu-5-10). Lokhu kuhlobene kakhulu nokushisa okuphezulu kwama-welds kuzo zombili izinhlangothi. Izinga lokushisa lihlobene nesilinganiso sokupholisa esilandelayo.
3) Isimiso sokushisela i-laser powder cladding cladding enezinti ezimbili
4)Amandla aphezulu okuhlangana kwe-solder
Ekuhlolweni kokushisela i-laser powder deposition welding enezinti ezimbili, njengoba imishayo emibili ye-laser isatshalaliswe eceleni nhlangothi zombili zentambo yebhuloho, ububanzi be-laser kanye ne-substrate bukhulu kunobokushisela i-laser powder deposition welding enezinti ezimbili, futhi amajoyinti e-solder aphumayo aqonde phezulu kuntambo yebhuloho. Isiqondiso sentambo sinde kakhulu. Isithombe 3.6 sibonisa amajoyinti e-solder atholwe ngokushisela i-laser powder deposition enezinti ezimbili kanye ne-laser powder deposition enezinti ezimbili. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyi-double-beamukushisela nge-laserindlela noma ugongolo olulodwaukushisela nge-laserIndlela, ichibi elithile elincibilikisiwe lakhiwa ezintweni eziyisisekelo ngokuqhutshwa kokushisa. Ngale ndlela, insimbi yezinto eziyisisekelo ezincibilikisiwe echibini elincibilikisiwe ingakha isibopho sensimbi ne-powder ye-alloy ezincibilikisiwe ezincibilikisiwe, ngaleyo ndlela ifeze ukushisela. Uma usebenzisa i-laser enezinti ezimbili zokushisela, ukusebenzisana phakathi kogongolo lwe-laser nezinto eziyisisekelo ukuxhumana phakathi kwezindawo zesenzo zezinsimbi ezimbili ze-laser, okungukuthi, ukuxhumana phakathi kwamachibi amabili ancibilikisiwe akhiwe yi-laser ezintweni. Ngale ndlela, ukuhlanganiswa okusha okubangelwayo Indawo inkulu kuneyogongolo olulodwaukushisela nge-laser, ngakho-ke amalunga e-solder atholwe ngomqamelo ophindwe kabiliukushisela nge-laserzinamandla kune-single-beamukushisela nge-laser.
2. Ukushintshwa okuphezulu kanye nokuphindaphindwa
Ku-single-beamukushisela nge-laserisivivinyo, njengoba isikhungo sendawo egxile kwe-laser sisebenza ngqo ku-wire micro-bridge, i-bridge wire inezidingo eziphezulu kakhulu ze-ukushisela nge-laserAmapharamitha enqubo, njengokusatshalaliswa kwamandla e-laser angalingani kanye nobukhulu be-powder ye-alloy engalingani. Lokhu kuzoholela ekuphukeni kwentambo ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela futhi kubangele ngisho ngqo ukuthi intambo yebhuloho ishise. Endleleni yokushisela ye-laser enezinti ezimbili, njengoba izikhungo zezindawo ezigxile zemishayo emibili ye-laser zingasebenzi ngqo ezintanjeni ze-micro-bridge, izidingo eziqinile zamapharamitha enqubo yokushisela ye-laser yezintambo zebhuloho ziyancishiswa, futhi ukushisela kanye nokuphindaphindwa kuthuthukiswa kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-17-2023
