Njengethuluzi lokucubungula elithuthukisiwe, i-laser idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wokushisela izimboni. Nakuba ubuchwepheshe bendabuko bokushisela i-laser bungalawula la maphutha ngezinga elithile, umphumela wawo uvame ukulinganiselwa yimingcele nezinqubo zokushisela ezihleliwe. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukubonakala kobuchwepheshe bokushisela i-laser swing buhlinzeka ngesisombululo esisha sokulawula amaphutha okushisela. Ngokungenisa ukujikijela komsebe we-laser ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela, ubuchwepheshe bungathuthukisa kakhulu izici eziguquguqukayo zechibi lokushisela, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yokushisela. Ubuchwepheshe bokushisela i-laser swing busekelwe kakhulu ekulawulweni okunembile kobuchwepheshe bokushisela i-laser kanye nobuchwepheshe bokushisela ukuze kufezwe ukushisela okusebenzayo nokusezingeni eliphezulu.
Thuthukisa ukubukeka:
Ngesikhathiinqubo yokushisela, umsebe we-laser ujikiswa ngokushesha nangokunembile ukuze umboze yonke indawo yokushisela. Lapho umsebe uhamba ngendlela yokushisela, uyashintshashintsha ngezindlela ezahlukene, njengendilinga, isithombe 8 kanye ne-helix. UChen nabanye basebenzise i-swing laser ukushisela ama-alloy e-aluminium ahlukene, futhi uma kuqhathaniswa nokungabi khona kokushisela kwe-swing laser, isimo se-weld sangaphambili nangemuva sokushisela kwe-swing laser sithuthukiswe kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushisela kwe-laser swing transverse kusetshenziselwa ukwandisa ukuzivumelanisa kwe-groove. Kwezinye izingxenye zomsebenzi zokuxhumanisa okuhambisa umoya, kuyadingeka ukwandisa indawo ye-overcurrent, kuyadingeka futhi ukwandisa ubuso bokuxhumanisa bensimbi, futhi kuyadingeka futhi ukushisela i-laser ukuze wenze ubuso bokuxhumanisa bensimbi bube "U".
1. (a) kanye (b) izibalo zesimo se-weld cross section kanye nosayizi weld ngaphansi kwezindlela ezahlukene zokujikijela; (c) Ukwakheka kobuso obungaphezulu be-weld ngaphansi kwezindlela ezahlukene zokujikijela.
Thuthukisa ukuhlangana kodonga oluseceleni okungekuhle:
Iphutha lokungahlanganisi kodonga oluseceleni kulula ukulibona ekushiseni kwe-laser okunegebe elincane kwepuleti eliphakathi nendawo, okubangelwa ukusatshalaliswa okungalingani kwamandla e-laser emlonyeni, ukufakwa kokushisa maphakathi nomsele kukhulu, kanti ukufakwa kokushisa odongeni oluseceleni lomsele kuncane, okungenakwakha inhlanganisela enhle. Isilinganiso esiyinhloko sokuxazulula iphutha lodonga oluseceleni olungahlanganisiwe ukwandisa ukufakwa kokushisa odongeni oluseceleni. Enkambisweni yokushisisa nge-laser, ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla okunengqondo komsebe we-laser ebusweni bezinto zokusebenza kungabonakala ngokushisisa komsele. Lapho ububanzi bomsele bushintsha, ubukhulu bokushisisa komsele buyalungiswa ukuze bufane nobubanzi bomsele, ukuze kwakheke ukufakwa kokushisa okusebenzayo odongeni oluseceleni.
2. Isithombe esikhulu se-weld kusukela kungqimba lokuqala (L1) kuya kungqimba lwesikhombisa (L7) sokushisela nge-laser nge-oscillation noma ngaphandle kwayo.
Nciphisa amaphutha e-porosity:
Indlela yokuvimbela ukujikijelwa kwe-laser kuma-pore okushisela ingabangelwa ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwemigodi emincane nokuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwensimbi ewuketshezi. Isithombe 3 sibonisa ukuziphatha kokugeleza kwechibi elincibilikisiwe eliboniswa yizinhlayiya ze-tracer ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela. Ukujikijelwa komsebe wokukhanya kubangela ukuthi imbobo encane yakhe ukunyakaza kokujikeleza okujikelezayo okuphezulu kanye nesivinini esikhulu, okukhuthaza ukugcwala kwebhamuza futhi kube nomthelela "wokubamba" kuma-pore aqinile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukujikijelwa komsebe wokukhanya kwandisa indawo yembobo encane futhi kunciphisa amathuba okuwa kokungazinzi kwayo ukuze kwakheke amabhamuza.
3. (a) kanye (b) nezindlela zezinhlayiya ze-tracer ngesikhathi sokushisela; Indawo yokuvula imbobo yokhiye: (c) akukho laser ejikajikayo (d) laser ejikajikayo.
Nciphisa amaphutha okuqhekeka:
Ukuqhekeka kokushisa uhlobo lwesiphambeko esakhiwe enqubweni yokushisela ngenxa yokusebenzisana kokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kanye nezici ze-metallurgical, okuvame ukutholakala endaweni ethintekile ekushiseni (HAZ) yokushisela. Ukwakheka kwemifantu enjalo kuhlobene nokuba sengozini kwezinto emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ukucindezeleka kokushisela kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwezinto. Ubuchwepheshe bendabuko bokushisela nge-laser bungabangela imifantu yokushisa enqubweni yokushisela, ikakhulukazi ngezizathu ezilandelayo: Okokuqala, ngenxa yokufaka amandla aphezulu kokushisela nge-laser, okuholela ekushiseni okusheshayo nasekupholiseni kwendawo yokushisela, okuholela ekushiseni okukhulu kokushisa kanye nokucindezeleka kokushisa; Okwesibili, ukusabela kwe-metallurgical enqubweni yokushisela kungaholela ekuhlukaniseni izinto ezingcolile ezinephuzu eliphansi lokuncibilika, kwakha isigaba sokuqhekeka futhi kwandise ukuzwela kwemifantu. Okokugcina, ukuqina okusheshayo kwezinto kungaholela ekuhlukeni kwesakhiwo esincane, futhi isiqondiso sokukhula kwamakristalu ekholomu sisuka echibini elincibilikisiwe siye enkabeni, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 4. Kulokhu, ukuzwela ekuqhekekeni kuyanda kakhulu.
4. Imodi yokuqinisa ukushisela nge-laser (a) ukushisela nge-laser evamile (b) ukushisela nge-laser ejikelezayo.
Ubuchwepheshe bokushisela nge-laser oscillating bungayinciphisa noma buqede ngempumelelo ukuvela kwemifantu eshisayo ngokufaka umsebe we-laser oscillating. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela nge-laser oscillating, ukushisela ngezikhathi ezithile komsebe we-laser kungakhuthaza ukugeleza kwensimbi echibini elincibilikisiwe, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukufana kwesakhiwo esincane, futhi okusanhlamvu kukhula kube yi-coaxial maphakathi nechibi elincibilikisiwe, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 5. Lezi zinhlamvu ze-coaxial zisebenza njengesivikelo sokuvikela ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwemifantu futhi zisebenza njengengqimba yokuvimbela ukushisa ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwemifantu okuqhubekayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-laser oscillating isiza ukunciphisa ukwakheka kwesigaba esibuthakathaka ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye, kunciphisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kokushisa.
5. (A) izici zesakhiwo esincane sokuqina kwama-welds okuwelda e-laser avamile (B) izici zesakhiwo esincane sokuqina kwama-welds okujikijela e-laser (CCW).
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokushisela okuzihlanganisa nge-laser, ubuchwepheshe bokushisela nge-laser eshintshayo buye baqashelwa njengendlela ephumelelayo yokunciphisa ukuthambekela kokubhoboka nokuthuthukisa amaphutha njengokungahlanganisi kwezindonga eziseceleni. Ngenxa yomphumela wokushukumisa we-beam echibini elincibilikisiwe, bunezinzuzo ezibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukulingana kwegebe, ukuthuthukisa ukufana kwesakhiwo esincane kanye nokucwenga okusanhlamvu. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokushisela nge-laser eshintshayo kungenza ukushisela nge-laser kusetshenziswe kabanzi, futhi ukushisela ngokunemba okusebenzayo nge-laser kungatholakala ezintweni zokusebenza ezinkulu kanye nokushisela okubanzi, okungukuthi, inqubo eyisisekelo kanye nokunemba kokuhlanganiswa komkhiqizo kuyakhululeka.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-21-2025
