Izinzuzo Eziyingqayizivele Zobuchwepheshe Bokushisela Nge-Laser
1. Ubuchwepheshe Bokushisela Nge-Laser
Isimiso Sokusebenza: Imidiya esebenzayo nge-laser (njengengxube ye-CO₂ namanye amagesi, amakristalu e-YAG yttrium aluminium garnet, njll.) avuselelwa ngendlela ethile ukuze ajikeleze emuva naphambili ngaphakathi kwesikhala esinomsindo, akhiqize umsebe wokukhanya ovuselelwe. Lapho umsebe uthintana nomsebenzi, amandla awo ayamuncwa. Ukushisela kungenziwa uma izinga lokushisa lifika endaweni yokuncibilika kwezinto.
2. Amapharamitha AyisihluthuleloUbuchwepheshe Bokushisela Nge-Laser
(1) Ubuningi Bamandla
Uma amandla ephansi, ungqimba olungaphezulu luthatha ama-millisecond ambalwa ukuze lufike endaweni yokubila. Ngaphambi kokuba kube nomhwamuko womphezulu, ungqimba olungaphansi luyancibilika kuqala, okwenza kube lula ukwakheka kwama-fusion welds asezingeni eliphezulu.
(2) Ifomu Lamagagasi E-Laser Pulse
Ukukhanya kwezinsimbi kushintsha ngokuguquguqukayo ngesikhathi somjikelezo we-laser pulse. Kwehla kakhulu uma izinga lokushisa lobuso lifika endaweni yokuncibilika futhi kuzinza ngenani elihlala njalo lapho ubuso busesimweni sokuncibilika.
(3) Ububanzi be-Laser Pulse
Kodwa-ke, ububanzi be-pulse obude bunciphisa amandla aphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ububanzi be-pulse obude buvame ukusetshenziswa ekushiseni kokuqhuba ukushisa, okukhiqiza imithungo ye-weld ebanzi, engajulile efaneleka kakhulu ekushiseni amapuleti amancane namakhulu.
Nokho, amandla aphansi aphezulu angabangela ukufakwa kokushisa okweqile. Into ngayinye inobubanzi obuhle kakhulu bokushaya kwenhliziyo obukhulisa ukungena kwe-weld.
(4) Inani Lokususa Ukugxila
(5) Amamodi Okususa Ukugxila
Ngokusho kwethiyori ye-geometric optics, ubuningi bamandla ezindizeni ezikude ngokulingana nobuso bokushisela (ekuhlelweni kwe-defocus okuhle nokubi) cishe bufana. Nokho, empeleni, izimo zechibi lokushisela eziphumayo ziyahluka kancane. I-defocus engalungile iveza ukungena okukhulu kwe-weld, okuhlobene nendlela yokwakheka kwechibi lokushisela.
(6) Isivinini Sokushisela
Ngamandla e-laser anikeziwe kanye nobukhulu bezinto ezithile, kukhona ibanga lesivinini sokushisela elifanele, lapho ukungena okuphezulu kokushisela kungafinyelelwa khona ngenani lesivinini elihambisanayo.
(7) Igesi Yokuvikela
Ukuvikela igesi kufeza imisebenzi emithathu ebalulekile:
- Vikela ichibi lokushisela ekungcolisweni komoya.
- Vikela ilensi yokugxila ekungcolisweni komphunga wensimbi kanye nokuchitheka kwamaconsi okuncibilikisiwe—umsebenzi obalulekile ekushiseni nge-laser enamandla amakhulu lapho ukuchitheka kunamandla kakhulu.
- Hlakaza ngempumelelo ifu le-plasma elikhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokushisela nge-laser enamandla amakhulu. Umhwamuko wensimbi umunca amandla e-laser bese ushintsha ube yi-plasma; i-plasma eningi inganciphisa amandla okukhanya kwe-laser.
3. Imiphumela Eyingqayizivele Yobuchwepheshe Bokushisela Nge-Laser
- Umphumela Wokuhlanzwa Kwe-Weld: Lapho umsebe we-laser ukhanyisa umthungo we-weld, ukungcola kwe-oxide okusezintweni kumunca amandla e-laser ngendlela ephumelela kakhulu kunensimbi eyisisekelo. Lokhu kungcola kuyashiswa ngokushesha, kuphendulwe, futhi kukhishwe, okunciphisa kakhulu okuqukethwe kokungcola ku-weld. Ngakho-ke,ukushisela nge-laserakugcini nje ngokugwema ukungcola kwezinto zokusebenza kodwa futhi kuhlanza izinto ngenkuthalo.
- Umphumela Wokwethuka Kokuqhuma Kwesithombe: Uma amandla aphezulu kakhulu, ukushiswa yi-laser okukhulu kubangela ukuhwamuka okusheshayo kwensimbi kumthungo wokushiswa. Ngaphansi kwengcindezi yomhwamuko wensimbi onesivinini esikhulu, insimbi encibilikisiwe echibini lokushiswa idlula ekuchithekeni okuqhumayo. Igagasi elinamandla lokushaqeka lisakazeka lijule ngaphakathi kwento, lidale imbobo encane yokhiye. Njengoba umsebe we-laser uhamba ngesikhathi sokushiswa, insimbi encibilikisiwe ezungezile igcwalisa imbobo yokhiye njalo futhi iqine ukuze yakhe imbobo eqinile, engena ngokujulile.
- Umphumela Wembobo Emgodini Wokushisela Okujulile: Lapho umsebe we-laser onamandla afinyelela ku-10⁷ W/cm² ukhanyisa izinto, izinga lokufaka amandla ku-weld lidlula kakhulu izinga lokulahlekelwa ukushisa ngokuqhutshwa komoya, ukujikeleza komoya, kanye nemisebe. Lokhu kubangela ukuhwamuka okusheshayo kwensimbi endaweni ekhanyiswe yi-laser, kwakha imbobo echibini lokushisela ngaphansi komhwamuko ophakeme.
Njengembobo emnyama yezinkanyezi, imbobo yokhiye imunca cishe wonke amandla e-laser aphuthumayo, okuvumela ukuthi umsebe ungene ngqo phansi kwembobo yokhiye. Ukujula kwembobo yokhiye kunquma ukujula kokungena kwe-weld.
- Umphumela Wokugxila Nge-Laser Ezindongeni Zezimbobo Eziyinhloko: Ngesikhathi sokwakheka kwembobo echibini lokushisela, imishayo ye-laser ezindongeni zembobo eziyinhloko ivame ukuba ne-engeli enkulu yokwenzeka. Le mishayo iveza ezindongeni eziseceleni futhi isakazeke iye ezansi kwembobo eyinhloko, okuholela ekubekweni kwamandla ngaphakathi kwembobo eyinhloko. Lesi simo, esaziwa ngokuthi umphumela wokugxila kwembobo eseceleni, sithuthukisa ngempumelelo ukuqina kwe-laser ngaphakathi kwembobo eyinhloko futhi sisiza emakhonweni ahlukile okushisela nge-laser.
4. Izinzuzo Zobuchwepheshe Bokushisela Nge-Laser
- Inqubo Yokushisela Eshesha Kakhulu: Isikhathi esifushane sokukhanya nge-laser senza kube lula ukushisela okusheshayo, okungagcini nje ngokukhulisa umkhiqizo kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukushiswa kwezinto futhi kunciphisa indawo ethinteke ekushiseni. Lokhu kuyenza ibe yindawo ekahle yokushisela izingxenye ezizwela ukushisa njenge-transistors. Ukushisela nge-laser akwenzi slag yokushisela futhi kuqeda isidingo sokususwa kwe-oxide ngaphambi kokushisela. Ingenza ngisho nokushisela ngengilazi, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwezinsimbi ezincane ngokunemba.
- Ukuhambisana Okubanzi Kwezinto: Ukushisela nge-laser kungahlanganisa hhayi izinsimbi ezifanayo kuphela kodwa nezinsimbi ezingafani, ngisho nezinhlanganisela zensimbi nezingezona ezensimbi. Isibonelo, amasekethe ahlanganisiwe anezingqimba ze-ceramic kunzima ukuwashisela kusetshenziswa izindlela ezivamile ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokuncibilika kwe-ceramics kanye nesidingo sokugwema ingcindezi yomshini. Ukushisela nge-laser kunikeza ikhambi elilula lezinhlelo ezinjalo. Nokho, qaphela ukuthi ukushisela nge-laser akufaneleki kuzo zonke izinhlanganisela zezinto ezingafani.
5. Izimo Zokusetshenziswa kanye Nezimboni Zokushisela Nge-Laser
- Ukushisela Ukushisa Okuqhutshwayo: Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekucubunguleni ngokunemba, njengokucubungula amashidi ensimbi amancane kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamadivayisi ezokwelapha.
- Ukushisela Nokubhinca Okujulile: Kusetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yezimoto. Ukushisela okujulile kusetshenziselwa ukushisela imizimba yezimoto, ama-transmission, kanye nama-casing angaphandle; ukubhinca kusetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlanganiseni umzimba wemoto.
- Ukushisela Ukuqhutshwa Kwe-Laser Kwezinto Ezingezona Ezensimbi: Kunohlu olubanzi lokusetshenziswa, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwezimpahla zabathengi, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto, ukwenziwa kwe-electronic enclosure, kanye nobuchwepheshe bezokwelapha.
- Ukushisela Okuhlanganisiwe: Kufanelekile ngokukhethekile ezakhiweni zensimbi ezikhethekile, njengokwenziwa kwedekhi yemikhumbi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 15-2025
