Kuyini Ukushisela Nge-Laser? Yiziphi Izinzuzo Zemishini Yokushisela Nge-Laser?

Kuyini Ukushisela Nge-Laser? Yiziphi Izinzuzo ZalokhuImishini Yokushisela Nge-Laser?

Ukushisela nge-laser inqubo yokushisela esebenzisa umsebe we-laser onamandla aphezulu ogxile endaweni yokushisela ukuze kuncibilikiswe ngokushesha izinto zasendaweni futhi kwakheke ichibi elincibilikisiwe. Uma ichibi selipholile, kufinyelelwa isibopho esiqinile phakathi kwezinto. Izici zalo eziyinhloko amandla agxile kakhulu, ukushisa okusheshayo, kanye nokwakheka kwe-weld okunembile.

Njengemishini, imishini yokushisela nge-laser inikeza izinzuzo ezinhle kakhulu ngokwekhwalithi, ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo, ixazulula ngempumelelo izinkinga eziningi zokushisela kwendabuko. Imininingwane imi kanje:

Okokuqala: Kuyini NgempelaUkushisela nge-laser?

Isimiso sokushisela nge-laser singahlukaniswa kalula sibe yizinyathelo ezintathu:

Ijeneretha yelaser ikhiqiza umsebe welaser onamandla aphezulu, ogxile ohlelweni lokukhanya ukuze kufinyelelwe ukuminyana kwamandla okungu-10⁴–10⁶ W/cm².

Ugongolo lwe-laser olugxilile lusebenza phezu kwezinto ezizoshintshwa (njengensimbi engagqwali, i-aluminium alloy, i-carbon steel, njll.), lufudumeza ngokushesha izindawo zasendaweni zibe sesimweni esincibilikisiwe futhi lwakhe ichibi elincibilikisiwe.

Njengoba umsebe we-laser uhamba endleleni ehleliwe, ichibi elincibilikisiwe lakha njalo futhi liphola ngokushesha, ekugcineni lidale umthungo oqhubekayo, oqinile wokushisela wokujoyina okungenamthungo.

Uma kuqhathaniswaukushisela kwe-arc yendabuko kanye nokushisela kwe-argon arc, ukushisela nge-laser akudingi ama-electrode noma ucingo lokugcwalisa (ucingo lusetshenziswa kuphela kwezinye izimo). Luthembela kuphela emandleni e-laser, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni okuncane kakhulu kokushisa ezintweni.

Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zemishini Yokushisela Nge-Laser

Amandla amane amakhulu okuhlangabezana nezidingo zokukhiqiza

1. Ikhwalithi Ephakeme Yokushisela: Ukunemba Okuphezulu, Ukuguqulwa Okuphansi, Ukulungiswa Okuncane

Ukusebenza kahle kokushisela: Amandla e-laser agxilile adala ukushisela okuncane (okuncane njengo-0.1 mm) ngokungena okufanayo, ama-pores amancane kanye nokufakwa. Amandla okunamathela kanye nokumelana nokuqhekeka kuthuthukiswa ngo-20%–30% ngaphezu kokushisela okuvamile, okwenza kube kuhle kakhulu kumadivayisi ezokwelapha, izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinembe kakhulu.

Ukuphambuka okuncane kwezingxenye zomsebenzi: Indawo ethintekile ekushiseni ingu-1/5 kuya ku-1/10 kuphela kuneyokushisela okuvamile. Lapho kushiselwa insimbi engagqwali encane engu-0.5 mm, ukugoba cishe kuyasuswa, kunciphisa ukuqondisa nokugaya ngemva kokushisela.

Ukubukeka okuhlanzekile ngokobuhle: Ama-weld abushelelezi, ayisicaba adinga ukupholishwa okuncane noma angapholishwa nhlobo, afanele izingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zokubukeka njengezingxenye zensimbi kanye nezindawo zokufaka izinto zikagesi.

2. Ukusebenza Kahle Kokushisela Okuphezulu: Isivinini Esisheshayo, Ukuzenzakalela Okuphezulu, Izindleko Eziphansi Zabasebenzi

Isivinini esikhulu sokushisela: Ubuningi bamandla aphezulu buvumela isivinini ngokushesha okuphindwe ka-3-5 kunokushisela okuvamile kwe-argon arc. Ngensimbi yekhabhoni engu-2 mm, isivinini singafinyelela ku-10-15 mm/s, okufinyeza kakhulu imijikelezo yokukhiqiza ngobuningi.

Ukuzenzakalela okulula: Abashiseli be-laser bangahlanganiswa nezinhlelo ze-CNC, izingalo zerobhothi noma indawo ebonakalayo ye-ukushisela indlela okuzenzakalelayo, ukunciphisa ukuthembela emsebenzini wezandla nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yeqembu elihambisanayo.

Ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kokwelashwa okulula: Izidingo zokuhlanzeka kwendawo eziqinile kakhulu; izingqimba zikawoyela noma ze-oxide ezilula zingasuswa ngqo ngamandla e-laser, okusindisa isikhathi sokulungiselela.

3. Ububanzi Bokusetshenziswa: Kuguquguqukayo Kwezinto Ezincane/Eziqinile Nezingafani

Ukuhambisana kwezinto ezibanzi: Kuhlanganisa insimbi engagqwali, insimbi yekhabhoni, i-aluminium alloy, i-copper alloy futhi kwenza kube lula ukushisela insimbi engafani (isb., insimbi engagqwali kuya kwensimbi yekhabhoni, i-aluminium kuya kwe-magnesium), kunqobe ukulinganiselwa kwezindlela zendabuko.

Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kwezingxenye zokusebenza eziguquguqukayo: Iphatha izingxenye ezincane ezinembile (0.1 mm) njengezikhonkwane zenzwa kanye namapuleti amakhulu angaphezu kuka-10 mm (anemodeli enamandla aphezulu). Ukuhlanganiswa kwerobhothi kwenza kube lula ukushisela okunembile kwezimo ezingajwayelekile nezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi, okukhonza izimoto, insimbi, izindiza kanye nezinye izimboni.

4. Izindleko Eziphansi Zesikhathi Eside: Izinto Ezisetshenziswayo Ezimbalwa, Ukulungiswa Okulula

Izindleko eziphansi ezisebenzisekayo: Azikho izinduku zokushisela noma ucingo olubanzi lokugcwalisa; kudingeka inani elincane legesi yokuvikela (isb. i-argon). Izindleko ezisebenzisekayo zesikhathi eside zincishiswe ngaphezu kuka-30% uma kuqhathaniswa nokushisela kwendabuko.

Ukulungiswa okulula: Isakhiwo esincane, impilo ende yesevisi yezingxenye eziyinhloko (umthombo we-laser, ikhanda le-laser) edlula amahora ayi-10,000. Ukulungiswa okuvamile kuhlanganisa kuphela ukuhlanza i-optics kanye nokuhlola izinhlelo zokupholisa.

Umkhawulo ophansi wokusebenza: Akudingeki abashiseli abanekhono eliphezulu; opharetha abasha bangakwazi ukusebenzisa kahle izinto eziyisisekelo zingakapheli amasonto angu-1-2, okunciphisa ukuthembela kubasebenzi abadala.